DURING THE SCHOLASTIC YEAR 1838-9. 
ISl 
during this session, and which the pupils have had the opportunity 
of witnessing; also the practice of ligature on the veins—the best 
mode of castrating, as described by M. Chervier in the Recueil 
Veterinaire, and some experiments on the employment of the 
Water of Rabel (composed of sulphuric acid five and alcohol 
thirty-six parts) in the arresting of Haemorrhage. The different 
phenomena which have resulted from a ligature on this vein, whe¬ 
ther in sick horses or in others that w'ere kept as subjects for expe¬ 
riment, have engaged much of our study. The jugular was selected 
on account of its superficial position and its volume. 
We have endeavoured to follow the phenomena of inflammation 
of this vein in all their different phases, from the moment of the 
application of the ligature round the vessel to the process of obli¬ 
teration which Nature employs in order to produce cicatrization of 
the part. 
These experimental studies have served in a singular manner to 
enlighten the history of thrombus of the jugular vein, and the dif¬ 
ferent phenomena which accompany it, when it is attended by 
inflammation of the vein, with or without ulceration. 
When the caliber of the vessel is effaced by the pressure of a 
surrounding ligature, a clot of blood forms in the infundibulum 
w'hich the vein presents above the ligature, and extends to the first 
considerable ramifications of the jugular in the parotid gland. 
This clot being once formed, determines by its presence that degree 
of inflammation in the tissue of the vein, and in the cellular tissue 
around it, which seems necessary to the organization of the clot; 
and all the degrees of this inflammation are in direct relation with 
the modifications which this clot must undergo. If the animal is 
killed seven or eight days after the passing of the ligature, we can 
perfectly recognize the traces of that inflammation in the tissues 
which surround the clot. 
The cellular tissue adjacent to the vein is also infiltrated wdth a 
great quantity of citron-coloured fluid. Having become more dense 
and friable, it adheres to and confounds itself with the exterior 
membrane of the vessel. 
This membrane is itself thickened, infiltrated with serosity, 
become more friable, and confounds itself—to the extent that 
there is no longer any marked point of separation between them— 
wdth the central membrane, which assumes precisely the same cha¬ 
racters ; but—and it is of the highest importance to note this, in 
order to study the consecutive phenomena—the internal membrane 
of the vessel does not undergo any modification. It preserves all 
its white, pearl-like appearance, and its polish. The most minute 
inspection will not demonstrate the smallest vessel developed in its 
substance. 
VOL. XIII. B b 
