INFLAMMATION OF THE UDDER IN A COAV. 669 
an opening is made into it with an instrument, is a liquid pus of an 
infectious odour. On introducing a finger into the cavity, the 
gland is found denuded of cellular tissue, and, as it were, detached 
from the surrounding parts. It seems to be almost dry, and resem¬ 
bles in its appearance, to a certain point, rotten wood. It some¬ 
times happens that only one or two of the lobes of the udder are 
attacked by gangrene. 
Occasionally the surface of the body of the udder becoming 
gangrenous, presents a deep red colour, enclosed by an areolar 
circle. At a later period, that surface becomes black or livid ; it 
is at first depressed, and then dry, after which an eliminatory 
inflammation detaches, by little and little, this cutaneous eschar 
from the living parts beneath, and leaves exposed the gland that is 
in relation with it, and which partakes equally of the gangrene. 
Then follow, by little and little, the peculiarities of the preceding divi¬ 
sion : or, finally, the gangrene knows no bounds—it gains on the 
neighbouring parts—the symptoms become more and more fright¬ 
ful—the restlessness and the debility increase—the pulse is small 
and rapid and hard, and finishes by eluding every effort to detect 
it—cold sweats, and partial tremors manifest themselves from the 
elbows to the flanks—a spasmodic heaving at the flanks follows, 
and, shortly after this, the animal dies. 
Death may be the consequence of gangrene in a manner less 
prompt and direct, when, after the fall of the eschars, there is an 
exceedingly abundant suppuration more or less clear or foetid, and 
in consequence of which the animal loses flesh and strength—is 
attacked by marasmus, and speedily dies. 
When we obtain a more fortunate state of things, and the gan¬ 
grene is localized, and the eschar detaches itself from the living 
parts, suppuration establishes itself all around; but it preserves, 
until the fall of the gangrenous portion, an odour absolutely 
insupportable, which it imprints on the wreck of the mammillary 
gland involved with it. Little by little this gangrenous portion 
becomes more and more decomposed—the suppuration increases 
between it and the living tissues which surround it, and soon, by 
means of the fingers, we are enabled to tear out the gland by small 
portions, to isolate the vessels which penetrate it, and finally to 
remove it. 
These bloodvessels, which are no other than the mammillary 
arteries, are two in number. When dissected, they resemble a tree 
that has its trunk placed superiorly and the branches inferiorly. 
Their colour is of a vivid red, and their size, towards the trunk, at 
least an inch in diameter. Their walls are considerably thickened, 
dependent on the state of the two exterior meml)ranes, which are 
confounded together, and semi-transparent. The internal ineFn- 
