316 
CEREBRAL APOPLEXY. 
The symptoms are sometimes obscure, for the disease does not 
run on to an acute state ; or the signs of compression of the brain 
by the accumulation of serous fluid in the ventricles, such as 
coma, stupor, debility, paralysis, slow respiration, and plaintive 
cries, are not seen. 
The treatment is essentially the same as that of acute arach¬ 
nitis, but the practitioner must reckon more on the effect of 
revulsives, as setons in the neck, purgatives, and diuretics. 
Eiemens de Pathologie Vethinaire, p. 249. 
Cerebral Apoplexy. 
Cerebral hemorrhage is chiefly seen in the horse, the ox, the 
sheep, the hog, and, sometimes, the dog. 
The causes are, all kinds of cephalic irritations—plethora, high 
feeding, sudden change from dry to green food, heat, exposure to 
the sun, heated stables, idleness, over-work, great muscular 
efforts, irritation or distention of the stomach, blows on the 
head, &c. &c. 
Its attack is occasionally preceded by some precursory symp¬ 
toms, such as temporary giddiness, hanging of the head ; disincli¬ 
nation to move; irregular and staggering gait; impairment of sight, 
hearing, or appetite ; frequent yawnings ; stupidity; numbness of 
the limbs, and frequent sighing. In the greater number of eases 
apoplexy comes on without warning. 
Slight apoplexy ,—This is sometimes observed in the horse. 
It is characterized by sudden palsy of one limb, or of one side. 
The pulse is full and strong; the vessels of the face are gorged 
with blood. A remission of the symptoms often soon takes place, 
if proper means are used. 
Severe apoplexy ,—The animal falls all at once, as if struck 
with lightning. Stupor, insensibility, difficulty in moving the 
hind limbs, and, sometimes, all four of them; fixedness and 
blindness of the eyes; immobility and dilatation of the pupils ; 
great discharge of saliva; the apparent mucous membranes of 
a red, or deeper, or violet colour; the tongue also of a violet 
hue; the jugulars distended; the nostrils dilated; the respira¬ 
tion sometimes quick, at others slow and stertorous; the pulse 
hard and full, sometimes slow, sometimes quick; and, at last, 
immobility more or less complete, are the usual symptoms. 
In sheep the attack of apoplexy is usually most rapid. The 
eye has an expression of distress, yet half unconsciousness ; the 
conjunctival and nasal membranes are of a vivid red; the head 
is low and protruded ; the flanks heave ; the breathing is loud ; 
the animal moans ; and it falls and dies occasionally in the space 
of a few minutes. 
