ON BRONCHITIS IN CATTLE. 
401 
vinegar. In consequence of the inflammation of the bronchial 
tubes and lungs, the administration of turpentine, or other strong 
anthelmintics, is of dubious policy; for, whilst you are striv¬ 
ing to steer clear of Scylla you may fall into Charybdis: but it 
is the duty of the veterinary surgeon to watch narrowly the pro¬ 
gress of the symptoms, and take his tack accordinoly. It appears, 
upon inquiry into the history of this singular and fatal aftection, 
that where calves are of strong and vigorous constitutions, so as 
to wrestle with the affection till cold weather sets in, thev will 
spontaneously recover. 
It occurs in all situations, and upon every description of soil; 
but is most frequently met with upon low marshy districts, par¬ 
ticularly where the water percolates through a peat stratum of soil. 
Farms situated upon marly strata are the least subject to it. 
It prevails to a great extent during very dry years, when the 
pit water upon different farms becomes nearly dried up, and 
rendered putrid and full of animalculse; as was the case upon 
that particular farm where the above cases occurred : on this ac¬ 
count I should strongly recommend the flinging into the pits, 
from time to time, some quick lime. As cattle are much addicted 
to go into the water during warm weather, and, remaining there for 
some time, voiding their dung and urine, our worthy Professor at 
the Veterinary College suggested the idea of the ova being fur¬ 
nished by this means, which, a priori, would appear very pro¬ 
bable, as the worms belong to the species of intestinal worms, 
which are found deposited in all situations of the animal body. 
A friend of mine, however, furnished me with a fact which 
militates against this idea. He has two farms, one situated high 
and upon a calcareous marly stratum, where the disease is seldom 
or never known ; the other lies low, and has a large piece of 
ground, into which he turns his young colts and sheep, but 
which possesses a peat bottom. On one occasion, although 
warned by a neighbour as to the consequences, he turned his 
young rearing calves into it, every one of which took the hoose, 
but hy immediately sending them to their old quarters they soon 
recovered. He stated, moreover, that his upper farm had only 
pit water upon it, which, although in dry weather the ponds were 
nearly dried up, and rendered foul by the cattle standing in them 
dunging and staling, yet the beasts remained free from the hoose. 
From the little that is known of the history of these parasi¬ 
tical animals, it is impossible to say whether they are taken up 
intheirstate of ova from the fluids received into the intestines, or 
whether the ova are deposited within the nostrils, and there 
hatched to that point when their instinctive j)ropensities de¬ 
velop themselves so as to guide them to that situation where 
VOI.. VIII. 1 
