438 
INFLAMMATION OF THK VEIN. 
very severe cases this inflammation does not usually extend to any 
great distance from the orifice. If, in a case of inflamed vein, 
examination by the finger is made below the orifice, the vein will 
be found enlarged, hard, and painful when pressed upon; and 
this will extend for two, three, or four inches, in proportion to the 
violence of the inflammation, or the length of time it has existed. 
I willingly admit that the urgent and distressing symptoms 
which sometimes accompany an inflamed jugular vein are met 
with from the orifice to the head ; but these I consider to be the 
consequences of the obstructed circulation, and not from a direct 
extension of inflammation of the vein. As far as my limited ac¬ 
quaintance with veterinary writing goes, I am not aware of one 
well related instance of the morbid anatomy of the inflamed ju¬ 
gular in the horse; but, in the fifteenth volume of the Medico- 
Chirurgical Transactions, there is a very excellent paper, by Mr. 
Arnott, on the “ secondary effects of inflammation of the veins,’' 
in which the post-mortem examination of two horses that died 
with inflammation of the jugular vein after bleeding is very 
clearly given. A case also occurred in my own practice not very 
long ago. 
Mr. Arnott’s first case is as follows:—A horse being seized 
in the park with paralysis of the postefior extremities, was, with 
diflSculty, got back to the stable. He was immediately bled 
from the left jugular vein ; and Mr. Field, having seen him four 
hours afterwards, ordered the bleeding to be repeated, which was 
performed from the same orifice. 
“The paralysis w^as not relieved, and, the vein having inflamed, 
it was determined after some days to destroy the animal. On 
the 30th of June, seven days after the venesection, Mr. A. saw 
him, and found great tumefaction all along the left side of the 
neck, in the course of the jugular vein, from the angle of the 
jaw to the chest, the parts being tense, firm, and tender to the 
touch. The aperture made in the bleeding w^as covered by a 
small crust of dried blood. The vein could not be distinguished 
amidst the general swelling, but the facial and all the other 
veins on the side of the head and face were turgid with stagnant 
blood. The horse was pithed, and the examination immediately 
made : the cellular substance beneath the skin and over the 
course of the jugular vei^n was loaded with coagulable lymph, 
becoming more firm as it approached the vessel, so that its cellu¬ 
lar sheath was converted into a solid thick coat, having numerous 
red vessels distributed on its inner surface. The proper coats of 
the vein were enormously thickened; the aperture made in 
bleeding w’as filled with a granular looking substance of a 
yellowish white colour, which substance (coagulable lymph) 
completely plugged the cavity of the vein opposite the puneture, 
