688 EARLY (ESTRUM AND IMPREGNATION IN A HEIFER. 
then horned down a quantity of tepid water, which shared the 
same fate. 
After repeated doses of physic were given, purging took place. 
\4:th .—1 was surprised to hear the animal was living, and the 
setons discharging. Give vegetable tonics. 
Oct. Sd .—I revisited my patient, who appeared cheerful. It 
ate and drank well: pulse 40. On opening an abscess at the 
inferior part of the scapula I discovered some rotten flesh; I 
traced this putrid flesh by cutting through the common integu¬ 
ments to the spinous process of the fourth or fifth dorsal verte¬ 
bra : the greater part of the an tea and postea spinatus and tra¬ 
pezius muscles was completely decayed, and I removed it with 
the scalpel, leaving the scapula in some places quite bare; the 
spine of the scapula about its middle was diseased, which I 
excised. During the operation hemorrhage took place from two 
small arteries, which was suppressed by ligatures: a ghastly 
chasm was left in the shoulder, which I filled up with tow pre¬ 
viously dipped in tinct. myrrh, and confined it by sewing the 
integuments as close together as possible. In four days the 
stitches were cut, and the tow removed : the wound had a 
healthy appearance, with the exception of the diseased part of 
the spine of the scapula, to which a solution of zinc was applied. 
Digestive ointment to the sore. 
17ih .—The reparative process going on rapidly. 
25th .—The spine of the scapula has partially exfoliated. 
On examination I found a sinus ; I enlarged it, and extracted a 
portion of bone, and used a solution of zinc. 
Nov. 2i)th .—The wound has healed some time ; the calf is now 
upright, sound, and healthy. 
EARLY (ESTRUM, AND IMPREGNATION IN A 
HEIFER. 
By Mr. W. A. Cartwright, Whitchurch. 
In my last letter to you I said that Mr. Wilson informed me 
that a Mr. Robert Grind ley, of Penley, had had a heifer that 
calved when she was about fifteen months old, and that she 
died in calving. I have this day seen Mr. Grindley, who says 
that this heifer of his was of the pure Durham breed, and could 
not be more than twelve months old when she calved. 
When bulled she must have been feeding at the pail, and im¬ 
pregnated by a bull of his neighbour’s (Mr. Griffiths) that 
had broken out of his pasture, and was at least nine score 
