PROCEEDINGS OF TIIE SCHOOL AT ALFORT. 47 
in the infirmary, at the time of their dismissal, or at the exami¬ 
nation of the carcass. 
These lectures, given while standing by the diseased animal, 
cannot but be deeply engraved on the mind of the pupil, when the 
Professor, passing over all the general or secondary symptoms, 
seizes, as far as the state of the science permits him, the pa¬ 
thognomonic character of the malady as indicated in the sub¬ 
ject before them, and at that moment appearing. On the other 
hand, that the pupils may not be accustomed to the use of medi¬ 
cines which they will not afterwards be able to employ in their 
own practice, M. Renault endeavours, in almost all his pre¬ 
scriptions, only to employ those medical agents which may be 
obtained everywhere, or which, although of equal therapeutic 
value with others, are less expensive. 
II. The great number of horses attacked by diseases of the 
chest, which have been brought to our hospital this year, have 
enabled M. Delafond to continue his researches into the diagnostic 
of these diseases, and to M. Renault to make application of these 
in the clinical lectures which he gives to the pupils. 
The examination of those animals which died in the hospital 
have proved to what precise points we can arrive by means of 
percussion, and above all, by means of auscultation, applied to 
the chest of the horse. Not only is it easy by the use of these 
means to distinguish between pneumonia and pleurisy, and a 
combination of the two; but it is possible to discover exactly the 
presence and the height of the liquid in the effusion of pleurisy, 
and the extent and the nature of the alterations of the pulmonary 
tissue in pneumonia. Several times in the course of this year 
there has been delineated on the exterior of the chest of the horse, 
during his life, the excavations, more or less extended, which 
were supposed to exist in the lungs; and the examination after 
death proved the supposition to be accurate. 
M. Delafond has thus made an immense improvement in vete¬ 
rinary pathology; since it is certain, that among the internal 
inflammatory affections, those of the respiratory organs enclosed 
in the chest are the most frequent in the horse. These re¬ 
searches and observations are the more advantageous, as they are 
made under the eyes of the pupils, and who have always oppor¬ 
tunity to exercise their own ears in this invaluable method of 
exploration. 
III. The nature of the service exacted from the horses that 
are worked in the environs of Paris, brings many of those ani¬ 
mals to our infirmaries, afflicted with divers diseases of the feet. 
Many afflicted with quittor, sand-crack, and pricks of the sole 
and of the frog, of variable depth, have furnished subjects of 
