SYMPTOMS OF GLANDERS. 
131 
tion of the lining membrane of the nose; and the horse can scarcely 
bear the slightest cold without the glands beneath the jaw be¬ 
coming swollen and tender, and, sometimes, proceeding to suppu¬ 
ration. There is, however, a peculiarity accompanying the 
inflammation which they take on from the absorption of the 
virus of glanders; they are rarely large, except at first; still 
more rarely very hot or tender: but they are characterized by a 
singular hardness, by their proximity to the jaw-bone, and by 
their apparent and often actual adhesion to it. The adhesion is 
produced by the inflammatory action going forward in the gland 
and the effusion of coagulable lymph. This hardness and adhesion 
accompanying discharge from the nostril, and being on the same 
side as the nostril whence the discharge proceeds, affords proof, 
not to be controverted, that the animal is glandered. This is a 
general and decisive symptom, but not an invariable one. We 
are not justified in pronouncing a horse with slight discharge from 
the nostril to be safe, because the glands are neither adherent nor 
much enlarged. We must not forget Mr. Turner’s case, in which, 
although the tumefied gland was on the same side as the dis¬ 
charge, and the disease had existed at least eight months, it was 
not larger than a kidney-bean, and had not the slightest tender¬ 
ness or adhesion. I have seen cases in which the distinct gland 
was not larger than a pea, and others in which there was no en¬ 
largement of the glands, and only a thickening, and that a very 
slight one, of the surrounding cellular texture. Do not, there¬ 
fore, fall into the common error about this. You may trust to 
the adhesion of the gland, but be not misled by its looseness , or 
even by its absence altogether. The wddovv of the proprietor of 
some of the Paddington coaches had a horse from one of whose 
nostrils there had, for a considerable time, been a slight aqueous 
discharge ; there was a little thickening of the sub-integumental 
cellular substance beneath the jaw, and a small loose knot, of the 
size of a pea, could be felt within it. No one, not even the vete¬ 
rinary attendant, suspected mischief; and it was not until one horse 
after another had become glandered, and six of them had died, 
that the true nature of the evil was apparent. Another lesson of 
caution, gentlemen,—involving the subject of glanders, and the 
examination with regard to glanders, in some difficulty, but still 
leaving sufficient to guide you, if you will be patient and circum¬ 
spect. 
Diseases resembling Glanders.—Strangles has sometimes been 
mistaken for glanders, but he must have been very inattentive 
who could have been guilty of such a blunder. Strangles is a 
disease of young horses ; it is accompanied by fever, cough, 
sore throat, wheezing, enlargement, and that not of a single small 
