132 MR. youatt’s veterinary lectures. 
gland, but of the whole subjacent cellular texture between the 
jaws ,—a phlegmonous tumour forming in it—forming in the cen¬ 
tre of it—becoming prominent toward the middle, evidently 
containing a fluid, and at length bursting; and then the fever 
abating, and the thickening gradually subsiding and the horse 
doing well. Glanders can scarcely be confounded with common 
catarrh or sore throat, or epidemic catarrh with enlargement of 
the glands of the throat. There is fever—that which is rarely 
or almost never seen in glanders, loss of appetite, inability to 
swallow, profuse discharge, mucous , purulent , irregular , the 
gland tender and hot and moveable. With proper treatment 
the fever abates, the cough disappears, the swellings subside, 
and the discharge from the nose gradually ceases. 
The post-mortem appearances of glanders are our surest guides 
to that object at which I have been aiming in this long detail of 
symptoms—namely, the seat and character of the disease. The 
nostril is generally more or less blanched, but with spots or 
lines of inflammation of considerable intensity. Ulceration is 
almost invariably found, of a chancrous character, on the sep¬ 
tum, and often on the aethmoid and turbinated bones. The 
ulcers evidently follow the course of the absorbents—sometimes 
almost confined to the course of the main vessel, or, if scattered 
over the membrane generally, thickest over the path of the lym¬ 
phatic, and evidently radiating from that line to other parts. 
The specimens before you place this disposition of the chancres 
in the clearest point of view. The eethmoid and turbinated bones 
are often filled with pus, and sometimes eaten through and ca¬ 
rious ; but in the majority of cases the ulceration is confined to 
the external membrane, although there may be pus within. In 
aggravated cases the disease extends through all the cells of the 
face and head. 
In these specimens you trace its path down the larynx and 
trachea, and the ulcers still follow one line, that of the main 
trunk of the absorbents. In aggravated cases its course can often, 
but not always, be traced on to the lungs. It produces inflamma¬ 
tion in those organs, characterized in a few cases by congestion ; 
in others by that peculiar consequence of congestion, hepatiza¬ 
tion, in which the cellular texture of the lungs is obliterated, 
a portion of them becoming one uniform mass. Most frequently, 
however, when the lungs are affected at all, we find tubercles— 
miliary tubercles, minute granulated specks on the surface or in 
the parenchyma, and not accompanied by much inflammation. 
Here are specimens of this affection of the lungs in glanders. In 
a few cases we have larger tubercles which have- softened and 
burst, and terminated in vomica. 
