VATEL ON NASAL CATARRH. 
3oi 
taneously, the inflammatory appearances are but slightly marked 
at the commencement—the discharge and the almost indolent 
swelling of the ganglions are the most apparent symptoms. The 
continuance of the irritation under this form gives birth to the 
same alterations as in the preceding case. 
Chronic rhinitis is often very difficult to cure. It ought to be 
combatted by antiphlogistic treatment, always modified accord¬ 
ing to existing circumstances : thus, when the mucous membrane 
is pale, it is sometimes necessary to excite its organic action 
by slightly stimulating fumigations ; after these, setons or blisters 
on the cheeks or at the back of the ears, or purgatives (always 
when there does not exist any marked irritation of the digestive 
canal), seconded by all the means proper to restore the animal 
to health, are the agents on which w r e may most securely rely. 
E. The affection of the nasal membrane, known by the name 
of contagious disease of the head and gangrenous coryza*, is 
rarely idiopathic ; it is, in the great majority of cases, symptom¬ 
atic of a typhoid affection almost always mortal. 
The symptoms of this disease are variously developed. Thus 
it often happens that an animal about to be attacked by it ap¬ 
pears one moment very lively ; but he soon becomes dull, listless, 
loses his appetite, sweats with the least exercise, and staggers 
as he walks. Soon afterwards the scrotum becomes engorged, 
and the spermatic cords enlarged. The eyelids are always 
swelled, and have a yellow’ tint. Then the nasal membrane, 
being of a pale yellowish red, becomes covered with spots like 
the sediment of wine; they are true eccliymoses , and very irre¬ 
gularly placed, and varying in size from a lentil to a twenty- 
sous piece, or more. This membrane is also covered with gan¬ 
grenous spots, white and soft, w'hich give place to ulcerations 
more or less numerous. A yellow matter runs from the nostrils, 
ordinarily transparent, and very foetid; and the glands of the 
jaw are inflamed, and become tender when they are touched. 
The lips, and the orifices of the nostrils, and a portion of the 
cheeks, become swelled ; and this swelling spreads even to the 
zygomatic arch. The membrane of the mouth is sometimes 
covered with spots analogous to those of the nose. The limb.s 
swell as high up as the fore-arm and the stifle. In many cases 
tumours appear on different parts of the body, varying in their 
nature and size ; those which are about the size of a filberd, or 
larger, appearing to be furunculous ; the others, more voluminous, 
contain a purulent greyish matter, often mixed with streaks of 
blood. The respiration becomes accelerated, the patient rapidly 
* This is one of those diseases which arc confounded under the improper 
name of acute glanders. 
