ANATOMY OF THE HORSE. 
368 
over those parts most subjected to pressure, and is, in many 
places, one-fourth of an inch in thickness. From its interior are 
sent off numerous processes, pervading the elastic matter of the 
frog, forming so many septa intercrossing one another, and di¬ 
viding it without any notable regularity into many unequal com¬ 
partments. In the posterior and bulbous parts the septa exist in 
greater numbers, and are closer arranged than in the middle parts. 
The fibres of this vaginal substance run obliquely downward and 
forward, and become intermixed around the borders with those 
of the bars and sole. 
The elastic interstitial matter , however, composes the bulk of 
the sensitive frog. It consists of a pale yellowish soft substance, 
which has been mistaken for fat or oil, and hence has been named 
“ the fatty frog.” When cut deeply into, it exhibits a granulated 
appearance, and the fibrous intersecting cords become apparent, 
putting on the ramous arrangement of a shrub or tree. Altogether, 
it forms a spongy elastic body for which we lack some more ap¬ 
propriate name. 
ON THE EDUCATION OF THE HORSE. 
By Mr. Karkeek, F. S., Truro. 
Fortes creantur fortibus et bonis: 
Est in juvencis, est in equis patrum 
Virtus: nec imbellem feroces 
Progenerant aquilag columbam. 
Doctrina sed vim promovet insitam, 
Reetique cultus pectora roborant: 
Utcunque defecere mores, 
Dedecorant bene nata culpae. 
Horace, booh iv, ode 4. 
The Poet, in the beautiful ode whence the preceding verses 
were taken, appears perfectly aware that the brave beget 
the brave, and that courage and virtue are qualities which we 
derive from our ancestors; yet he observes, that it is Education 
that calls the hidden vigour forth, and improves the natural bent; 
for where this is wanting, our natural endowments are obscured 
by vices. 
Who it was that first obliged mankind by taming the wild 
horse, and instructing them in the art of horsemanship, is not 
agreed by the ancient fabulous writers. Whoever he was, he 
seems to have left it very imperfect, since in these early ages 
neither saddles nor bridles were in fashion. Lucan thus describes 
