47(b clater’s cattle doctor. 
safe they are compared with others that are exposed. Some 
breeds are more hardy than others, but the hardiest of them will 
not endure absurd and cruel neglect and exposure. Let the 
farmer think of the sudden change from the warmth of the 
mother’s womb to the driving sleet, and the cold wet ground ; 
he will not wonder that so many of his lambs are palsied and 
starved to death. 
“ The lambs are not quite out of danger when a day or two has 
passed after they have dropped. They live for the first week or 
fortnight on the mother’s milk, and then begin to imitate their 
parent and graze a little; indeed, they have not their teeth up 
to enable them to graze at first. They should not be put on too 
good pasture at this early period, for the change of food is often 
dangerous. A lamb of a fortnight old will often sicken suddenly, 
refuse the teat, cease to ruminate, swell, heave, and die, in less 
than twenty-four hours. When, at three and four months old, 
the lamb is perfectly w T eaned, he is subject to a similar complaint, 
and from a similar cause. The lamb should certainly have better 
pasture when he is deprived of his mother’s milk, but the change 
should not be sudden and violent.” 
The second extract is the conclusion of his pathology of the 
sheep and lamb, and in which he very properly and usefully 
turns to the farmer. 
“ I will conclude this account of the diseases and treatment of 
sheep with two or three general observations, which may be use¬ 
ful to the farmer as well as the veterinary surgeon. 
“ It is an old maxim, and a most excellent one, that prevention 
is in every case far better than the cure; and I am perfectly as¬ 
sured that by a little attention, and the exercise of common hu¬ 
manity towards these useful and neglected animals, there need 
not be half the diseases, or scarcely a fourth part of the deaths 
that occur. 
“ In the first place, the farmer should look more than he does to 
the actual state, and health, and comfort of his flock. Instead 
of riding or walking in among them every day, and in a manner 
making every animal pass muster before him, he frequently con¬ 
tents himself with looking at them from a distance, or perhaps 
he does not look at them at all for many a day. He deserves to 
be unfortunate who, in the lambing season, is not early and late 
among his ewes. Many a ewe is lost by rough handling ; many 
more by not receiving the requisite assistance in difficult partu¬ 
rition ; many a lamb is deserted by its mother ; many a one pal¬ 
sied by lying on the cold wet ground, and many more for want 
of being frequently and carefully suckled. 
“The farmer alone will be induced, by a regard to his own in- 
