114 MR. youatt’s veterinary lectures. 
attack will usually be sudden—ushered in by ri^r, and that quick¬ 
ly succeeded by acceleration of pulse,—heat of mouth—staring 
coat—tucked-up belly—diminution of appetite—painful but not 
loud cough—heaving at the flanks—injected nose—weeping eye— 
dejected countenance: these are the symptoms of catarrh, but 
under a somewhat ao;o;ravated form. 
How distinguished from Pneumonia and common Catarrh. —It 
clearly is not inflammation of the lungs, for there is no coldness 
of the extremities—no looking at the flanks—no stiff immoveable 
position—no obstinate standing up. It is not simple catarrh, for, 
as early as the second day, there is evident debility. The horse 
staggers as he walks. 
Nature of the Disease. —It is inflammation of the respiratory 
passages, generally. It commences in the Schneiderian mem¬ 
brane, but it gradually involves the whole of the respiratory ap¬ 
paratus. Before the disease has been established four-and-twenty 
hours, there is sore throat. The horse quids his hay, and gulps 
his water. There is no great enlargement of the glands ; the 
parotids are a little tumefied, the submaxillary somewhat more ; 
but not at all equivalent to the degree of soreness. It is inflam¬ 
mation of the lining membrane of the pharynx, or spreading from 
the larynx to the posterior part of the mouth. The soreness is 
excessive ; day after day the horse will obstinately refuse to eat. 
Discharge from the nose soon follows in considerable quantity, 
thick, very early purulent, and sometimes foetid. The breathing 
is accelerated and laborious at the beginning, but does not always 
increase with the progress of the disease,—nay, sometimes a 
deceitful calm succeeds; and the pulse, quickened and full at first, 
soon loses its firmness, and although it usually maintains its un¬ 
natural quickness, yet sometimes it even deviates from this, and 
subsides to little more than its natural standard. The extremities 
continue to be comfortably warm, or at least the temperature is 
variable; and there is not in the manner of the animal, or in any 
one symptom, a decided reference to any particular part or spot, 
as the chief seat of disease. 
Progress of the Disease. —Thus the malady proceeds for an uncer¬ 
tain period ; occasionally for several days; in not a few instances, 
through the whole of its course ; and the animal dies exhausted 
by extensive or general irritation : but in other cases the inflam¬ 
mation assumes a local determination; we have bronchitis or 
pneumonia, but of no very acute character, and difficult to treat 
from the general debility with which it is connected. Sometimes 
there are considerable swellings in various parts, as the chest, the 
belly, the extremities, and particularly the head. The brain is 
occasionally affected ; the horse becomes stupid ; the conjunctiva 
