214 
ON CHOLIiKA IN DOMESTICATED ANIMALS. 
not eaten her mid-day feed, and scarcely gave her full quantity 
of milk, and her bowels were observed to be more open than 
usual. At four p.m. she was found to be worse. She had lain 
dowm, and was unable to rise, and was purging violently. 
I was requested to see her about eight p.m., and found her 
lying in a dirty wet stall; her extremities, horns, and ears cold; 
and a fineness about her legs which indicated a want of the 
natural circulation in them. Her pulse, which in health should 
have been about sixty, was now ninety. She tossed her head 
from side to side with an inexpressible anxiety; her legs were 
generally extended with a convulsive tremor; herjaw's chattered, 
and her eyes were extremely dull and languid. 
She was bled to five quarts ; sixteen ounces of castor oil were 
given, and hot fomentations applied to her belly; clysters of warm 
water and soap were injected ; and plenty of straw' placed about 
her, to make her as comfortable as possible. She seemed some¬ 
what relieved for a little while, but she ultimately relapsed, and 
died about twelve p.m. 
On examination after death, it was found that the fourth 
stomach, and the greater part of the intestinal tube, presented 
more or less degree of increased vascularity of the mucous 
coat, more especially that of the smaller intestines; in many 
places it w'as highly injected, and there w'eresome spots of ecchy- 
mosis. Various portions of the intestines contained fluids of dif¬ 
ferent colours; where the bloodvessels were most injected there 
was a bloody-like mucous fluid; where the membrane was less 
affected a fluid resembling dull cream was found; while in the 
larger intestines the whole contents were of a peculiar blue 
clayey-like appearance. The lungs were congested with black 
blood, and the veins of the brain and spinal chord were fuller 
than usual. The membrane lining the bronchial tubes, especi¬ 
ally in one lobe, presented a considerably increased vascularity. 
In the Caledonian dairy, twelve cows w'ere attacked in one 
week, of which three died ; and in these the post-mortem appear¬ 
ances were verv similar to those exhibited in McPherson’s cow, 
with the exception, that in one of them there was a considerable 
quantity of water in the bladder. 
As the overseer has given a pretty good description of the symp¬ 
toms of one of the cases, I beg to refer to his letter:— 
Meadowbank, March 30th, 1832. 
Dear Sir, 
Another cow was taken ill at half past one o’clock, and 
being present at the time, I had a full opjiortunity of observing 
every particular with regard to the attack and the symptoms. 
