REMOVING THEM, IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 371 
The insertion of this j3aper in The Veterinarian may not 
be uninteresting to the readers of that periodical:— 
When a disease is not of frequent occurrence, the pain .and 
uneasiness Avhich it produces great, and its nature obscure, the 
-case, whether in man or in the lower animals, becomes extremely 
perplexing to the practitioner under whose care it may chance to 
fall. Of this description of disease in the lower animals are 
urinary calculi. And as diseases in these animals are only to be 
traced from a knowledge of the symptoms which they produce, 
I presume that any apolog}’^ for offering an account of the follow¬ 
ing case will be deemed unnecessary. 
On the 26th of September last I received a letter from Mr. 
Adam Pope, Tarvis, Aberdeenshire, of which the following is an 
extract:—‘ Two days ago,^ he says, ‘ a farmer sent for me to 
attend a mare of his, affected with what I consider to be incon¬ 
tinence of urine. She is fourteen years old ; she had a foal two 
years ago, and was again stinted in the end of June last. The 
owner informs me that he never observed that any thing was the 
matter with her until after that time ; and he therefore considers 
that some injury has then been done to her. The poor animal 
is now in a distressing condition. Every ten or fifteen minutes 
a small quantity of urine is suddenly evacuated, and so suddenly 
is she often compelled to eject it, that she is unable to place 
herself in the position which nature points out; the consequence 
of which is, that the urine running down the thighs and legs 
lias completely excoriated them. To-day (23d September) I saw 
lier frequently making painful and ineffectual efforts to void her 
urine, and exhibiting every symptom of acute suffering ; and the 
urine which she has been enabled to void is tinged with blood. 
Until within these two days, she has continued to take her food 
and water as usual, but she now has a great thirst, and the dis¬ 
ease is evidently increasing rapidly. I shall, therefore, feel ex¬ 
tremely obliged by your favouring me with your opinion of her 
case. I have to-day bled her freely, and administered a dose of 
laxative medicine.’ 
To this letter I replied, that it was in my opinion a case of 
stone in the bladder ; that the bladder, and other parts connected 
with it, which are situated within the cavity of the pelvis, should 
be carefully examined, by introducing the hand into the rectum, 
by which means the bladder would be felt resting on the lower 
part of the pelvis, under the portion of intestine into which the 
hand had been introduced. It would thus, I observed, be at 
once ascertained whether my opinion was correct or not: for, if 
a calculus existed, it would be felt hard, or if any other disease 
existed in the bladder, it would be felt with equal facility. If, 
by this means, it was supposed that a stone existed, a sound 
