126 
Spirochaeta gallmarmn 
There had been no prolonged illness, nothing to affect the red cells 
profoundly and yet, as I say, the typical “granule phase” developed. 
This seems a conclusive argument against the views of Hindle and those 
who share his opinion on this matter, while I think a study of my later 
experimental work and the employment of vital staining is likely to 
convince those who still think the intra-corpuscular “granule phase” is 
only indirectly associated with the spirochaetal infection. 
I am continuing the work as opportunity permits and hope ere long 
to publish a final paper giving a detailed account, both of the complete 
cycle in the chick and that in the tick which serves as the intermediary 
host of the fowl spirochaete. 
Fantham’s latest paper (1911) has just come to hand and is full of 
interesting matter. I note that he does not wholly agree with Hindle’s 
views as regards transverse division, that he confirms the phenomenon 
of granule-shedding and that, in certain respects, his account of the 
life-cycle in the tick is more like my own than that given by Hindle. 
He also agrees with me that the intra-corpuscular granules are of 
spirochaetal origin although he is not inclined to attribute much 
importance to such granules in the bird’s blood, believing that their 
appearance is merely a kind of anticipation of what occurs in the insect 
host. With this, as I have stated, I cannot agree and I do not think 
there are any analogies to support such a contention. Nature is not 
wasteful and has usually some definite reason for the occurrence of 
phenomena of this nature. The difficulty is to determine it. In the 
case of the Sudan spirochaete I think I can claim to have done so. 
REFERENCES. 
Blanc, G. R. (1911). Les Spirochetes, These de la Faculte de Medecine. Paris, Jouve 
et Cie. 
Fantham, H. B. (1911). Some Researches on the Life-Cycle of Spirochaetes, Ann. 
Trap. Med. and Parasitology, v. 479-496. 
Galli-Valerio, B. (1911). Recherches sur la Spirochetiase des ponies de Tunisie 
et siu’ son agent de transmission, Argas persicvs, Fischer, Centralbl. f. Bakteriol. 
LXi. 529-537. 
