H. Bayon 
141 
1 first saw them, I considered them more in the light of a resting 
stage. 
I saw and demonstrated to various workers in the Laboratory at 
Moscow the spirochaetes straightening themselves out, after having 
been for several minutes unrecognisable in their circular form. After 
straightening out, they move as usual for a few seconds and then 
return to their circular shape again. I was unable to make out what 
became of the membrane in the meanwhile, the granules were however 
scattered. 
The whole structure cannot be stained and can only be examined 
in the living state. I am also unable to say whether this condition 
bears any special relation to the granular stage of spirochaetes, as 
described in the papers of Leishman (1910), Balfour (1908), aud 
Hindle (1911, c). 
I have only seen it in S. recurrentis. In S. duttoiii and novyi 
I only saw the usual well-known small nodules which have so often 
been described and whieh are a common appearance after treatment 
with weak saline or tap water and which, of course, are much smaller. 
Turning now to the results of my experiments on animals I may 
mention that all blood examinations were made with Leitz’s dark- 
ground condenser. In most cases the blood was taken from the arm- 
vein of the patient with a syringe and immediately defibrinated. On 
two occasions blood was taken in leeches. After two days this blood 
was still infective for mice, but not later. 
I should like to express my thanks to Drs Remenzow and Smirnow 
of the Basmannie Bolnitza for the help they gave me. 
Protocols. 
I. Unsuccessful attempts to infect animals with spirochaetosis 
{Russian strain). 
Exps. 1-3. 16th Nov. 1910. Three mice injected intra-peritoneally with 
0‘5 c.c. human blood containing numerous spirochaetes (relapsing fever) directly 
from the patient. 
The blood of the three mice was examined with negative results on the 17th, 
18th, 19th, 20th, 22nd, 24th, 27th, 29th Nov. and 2nd Dec. 1910. The animals 
were then killed. 
Exp. 4. 18th Nov. 1910. Rabbit injected intravenously with 3 c.c. of de¬ 
fibrinated relapsing fever blood. 
Examined with negative results on the 19th, 20th, 25th and 27th Nov. 1910. 
No further examination. 
