ANIMAL PATHOLOGY. 
66 
black coagulated blood, while the pulmonary veins, and the left 
auricle and ventricle, and the large arterial vessels, contain blood 
less red than is generally observed, and the cavities are of a dark 
colour. Mr. Moneyment very graphically describes this. The 
strongest marks of inflammation are to be seen about the heart 
itself, particularly the internal parts, both auricles and ventricles, 
and the internal coats of the larger vessels, namely the pulmo¬ 
nary artery and aorta, and vessels given off immediately from the 
principal trunks, as if the blood itself was so contaminated with 
the poison, as to irritate and produce disease in the vessels in 
which it is circulated. There is also usually considerable con¬ 
gestion of the lungs. 
The stomach generally exhibits inflammation, but not very 
intense, about the line of division between the cuticular and 
mucous membranes; and there is also a small portion of 
brownish coloured fluid, and of hay and straw scarcely masticated, 
or at least not sufficiently so. The inflammation is more dis¬ 
tinctly marked on the outer than the inner coat of this viscus. 
The intestines frequently exhibit very little inflammation. 
To return to the head. The lining membrane of the nasal 
cavities is thickened and infiltrated, and covered with adhesive 
mucus; while the septum exhibits the curious tendency of 
almost every disease of the horse to resolve itself into glanders or 
farcy ; for it contains two or three large black spots, ulcerated 
or preparing to become so. 
The membranes of the brain are usually injected to a greater 
or less degree; and minute spots of blood follow the knife. The 
plexus choroides are enlarged, and the fluid of the ventricle 
occasionally reddened. The spinal chord is softened in various 
places, but particularly in the dorsal or lumbar portions ; and 
there is a considerable infiltration about the roots of some of the 
nerves, and particularly the motor ones. 
All these lesions vary materially in different cases, and in a few 
instances some of them would be sought for in vain. The deci¬ 
sive lesions in the horse are the inflammation of the stomach, 
usually extending to both of the membranes—the presence of the 
brownish fluid or of imperfectly masticated food; but more par¬ 
ticularly the peculiar inflammation of the'fauces, the pharynx, 
and the epiglottis. 
In the Ox. —The buccal membrane is usually tumid and red¬ 
dened— the sublingual glands are also reddened and enlarged— 
the pharynx, the larynx, and the oesophagus generally share in 
the inflammation ; but they are occasionally altogether devoid of 
it. The glandular system seldom undergoes any change; but if 
there is morbid affection of the salivary apparatus, the parotid 
