AT DRESDEN. 615 
had three cases of this in the last year, in two of which fatal con¬ 
sequences were united with inversion of the broad ligaments. 
1. A three-year-old cow perished in consequence of violent 
straining in paturition, before proper assistance could be rendered 
to her. On post-mortem examination it appeared that the im¬ 
pregnated horn of the uterus was half inverted on its axis, so that 
the head of the young one lay below the pelvis, and towards the 
left, and the broad ligament was also entangled round this pro¬ 
jecting part. Round the tumours thus formed, and which lay near 
to the os uteri, a portion of empty intestine had slipped, and was 
in an inflamed state. As for the calf, the fore feet were bent 
together under the body, and the neck was unnaturally distorted, 
and bent back. 
2. Aten-year-old cow, which, on account of insufficient dilata¬ 
tion of the os uteri, had hitherto never produced a calf without 
help, was again taken in labour, and with proper assistance was 
delivered of a calf lying in a false position. Six weeks from that 
time, and after she had suffered from a slight inflammation of 
the womb, she shewed symptoms of dropsy, and was destroyed. 
On post-mortem examination it appeared that the general cause 
of suffering was a peculiar tubercularity of both kidneys; there 
were also traces of the right broad ligament having been inverted 
and knotted together so that it was found to be folded and 
twisted, and spiral-formed stripes of silver-like fibres were inter¬ 
woven in its texture. 
3. M. Tietze, veterinary surgeon at Reichenau, w'as sent for to 
a cow that had already gone fourteen days over the usual calv¬ 
ing time, and began to be in very great pain. He found that the 
mouth of the womb was so contracted that he could scarcely in¬ 
troduce two fingers into it, and the neck was distorted. 
He tied her, and, laying her on the straw, rolled her gradually 
over and over. He found that at each turn the mouth of the 
womb became larger, and after the third turn he could easily get 
his whole hand into it. But before it was possible for him to 
seize the calf, the cow herself pressed it violently out under his 
hand. The calf was shrivelled and dried up. The cow sprang 
up as soon as she was released, and seemed quite lively. She 
did not appear to pine for her calf, and she yielded no milk. 
Operations. 
Of these 627 were performed in the school:—342 on horses, 
119 on cattle, 1 on a sheep, 2 on goats, 23 on pigs, 109 on dogs, 
3 on cats, and 28 on poultry and domesticated birds. Of these 
544 were successful, 58 were ultimately unsuccessful, and 25 
caused death at the moment. Among the latter were operations 
