248 
C^ntlddia imlicis n. sp. 
of Leger and the figures of young forms of G. gerndis, G. tabani and 
G. melophagia, given by Patton, Flu, Swingle and myself, he is a mere 
quibbler. The whole discussion is one of words, words, ad nauseam. 
Mr Dunkerly further attributes to Leger a statement that Grithidia is 
“ usually without an undulating membrane.” This is an unfortunate 
inexactitude. Leger (1902) not only recognised “un rudiment de 
membrane ondulante,” but figured it (Leger’s Figs. 7-10). All refer¬ 
ence also is omitted to Patton’s explanation of the differences between 
Leger’s account and his own, these being due to the fact that Leger 
had not described the fully developed flagellate when he first wrote. 
The mature G. fascicidata is stated by Patton (1908, p. 142) to be 
“ very similar to the adult form (G. gerridis) 1 have described.” 
To lead up to the conclusion that Grithidia is not a valid genus, 
Mr Dunkerly favours us with what may be described as a crescendo of 
possibilities, probabilities and certainties, but not a particle of direct 
evidence or experiment. On p. 648 we read, “ However, it seems from 
the evidence of the forms found in Homalomyia that the same organism 
may he without an undulating membrane at one stage of its life histoiy, 
while possessing one at another stage” (the italics are mine). Later 
p. 651, we read “ This...seem certain (1) that Leger’s original pear- 
shaped Grithidia is only a stage of the Leptomonas life-history.” Lfiger 
did not explicitly describe Grithidia as pearshaped in founding the 
genus. Further, it is a mere assumption that because a Leptomonas 
(in the sense of Chatton and Alilaire) is present in Homalomyia, 
there is really a Leptomonas in Anopheles maculipennis or in every 
insect from which Grithidia have been obtained. 
By the end of his paper, Mr Dunkerly has become even more 
definite, for on p. 652 we read “ Grithidia cannot be applied as a generic 
name to any form, as it has simply been the name given to two stages 
in the life history of Leptomonas or in other cases to what are probably 
stages of Trypanosoma.” 
In the first instance, there is no proof whatever that any true 
Grithidia is a stage or stages in the life history of a Leptomonas. 
Nor does Mr Dunkerly’s work aid in that matter in any degree, 
especially as he is forced to admit (p. 649) that “ the low percentage of 
infections have (sic) prevented the completion of it [the life-cycle] up 
to the present.” Again, dealing with intermediate forms, a statement 
is made that all stages between the short, truncated forms of Lepto¬ 
monas muscae domesticae and elongated forms with undulating mem¬ 
branes, occur. But the three figures quoted as illustrating intermediate 
