296 
Oriental Sore 
wild mosquitoes. In Stegomyia fasciata a gregarine first noted by Ross 
in India, was found in the encysted condition. This gregarine was also 
found in the larvae and pupae, and a description of its life history will 
form the subject of a later section of this report. 
In the larvae of Stegomyia fasciata a flagellate {Herpetomonas) was 
occasionally encountered both in the gut and malpighian tubes. It was 
never met with in the pupa nor in the adult mosquito. The presence of 
this flagellate in the larvae is of importance from the point of view of 
the experiments made by feeding Stegomyia fasciata on the sore. The 
larvae very commonly have a large spirochaete infection of the in¬ 
testine. 
Reduvidae. On two occasions only did I encounter members of this 
group. Only two examples were seen, and these were both very small 
forms which had alighted on my hand. One definitely bit my hand. 
It was captured and mounted. The presence of a member of this group 
is interesting, as a suggestion has been put forward by Donovan that 
possibly some reduvid may be responsible for the transmission of Kala 
azar and we know that the Schizotrypanum in South America is trans¬ 
mitted in this way. The numbers of Reduvidae in Bagdad are however 
too small to be able to account for such a common disease as the 
sore. 
D. Experiments undertaken with the object of infecting 
flies with the parasiie of the sore. 
House flies. As already mentioned the house-fly is most persistent 
in its attempts to feed on the sore, and of all flies which might possibly 
feed from the sore, the house-fly certainly takes up more parasites than 
any other. On this account the house-fly has been looked upon with 
suspicion, and Dr Row has suggested that the house-fly is the natural 
agent of transmission of the disease. There can be no doubt 
that the house-fly occasionally carries the parasites to open wounds, 
and in this way produces sores, but it is uidikely that every sore is 
the inoculation of an abrasion of the skin by a house-fly, and more 
improbable still that the house-fly can inoculate the individual through 
healthy skin. I have said that, as was to be expected, house-flies 
collected from the faces of the infected children show numbers of 
the sore parasites in the gut. The same result is obtained by allowing 
the house-fly to feed on the open sore or on juice or scrapings from the 
sore. In order to determine if any development would take place in the 
