C. M. Wen YON 
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mass of protoplasm. In the suppurating and ulcerating sores one 
frequently finds that the parasites have been taken up by the poly¬ 
morphonuclear leucocytes. 
F. Culture of the parasite. 
The parasite of Oriental sore was first cultivated by C. Nicolle and 
later by Row in India. I first successfully cultivated the organism on 
a medium made after the formula of the blood agar of Novy and 
MacNeal with the substitution of dog’s for rabbit’s blood. Subcultures 
were made on dog’s blood agar and on rabbit’s blood agar. The 
development was never so rapid with the former as with the latter. 
Eventually the cultures on dog’s blood ceased to develop. Possibly 
this may have had something to do with the natural resistance of the 
Bagdad dog to this disease as the blood was taken from the ordinary 
dogs off the street. On rabbit’s blood agar cultures were maintained 
for some months. The development of the parasite in the cultures 
follows closely that given by other observers, so that it is not necessary 
here to enter into a detailed description of what takes place. 
Dr Row has described the first process in the culture of the parasite 
as a fusion of the kinetonucleus and nucleus. I have not been able to 
confirm this. Many appearances are seen resembling those seen in the 
elongated forms from the sore where the intimate association of the 
kinetonucleus and nucleus may have the misleading appearance of 
complete fusion. I do not think that either in the sore or in the 
culture does a fusion of the two nuclei take place. 
Dr Row mentions certain differences as existing between the 
cultures of the sore parasites and those of Kala azar. Apparently he 
compares his cultures of the sore parasite made on human blood serum 
with the culture of the parasite of Kala azar in citrated blood. It is 
not safe to emphasise such distinctions unless the conditions of culture 
are identical in the two cases. The appearances of the flagellates in 
dog’s blood agar, for instance, show marked differences in size, shajie, 
and rate of multiplication from those on rabbit’s blood agar. C. Nicolle 
says that cultures of the two parasites under identical conditions show 
no differences. Dr Row’s cultures were made with human blood serum 
which is perhaps an ideal medium for these parasites, and to this is 
probably due the rapid development and large size of his cultural 
forms. 
