C. M. Wenyon 317 
There is little pain and no demonstrable constitutional disturbance 
associated with the disease. 
12. In all true sores the typical parasite {Leislimania tropica) can 
be found unless the sore is in the final healing stage. 
13. I have not been able to demonstrate the presence of the 
parasite in the peripheral blood either by direct examination of the blood 
or by the cultural method. 
14. There is a much greater variety in the shape and size of the 
parasites in smears from the sore than in smears from the internal 
organs of cases of Kala azar. 
15. The parasites obtained from young sores are of the same shape, 
size and characters as those obtained from old healing ones. 
16. I have failed to demonstrate the presence of the sore in any 
domestic animal nor has the examination of one hundred and ten dogs 
revealed the presence of canine leishmaniosis in Bagdad. Kala azar in 
man is not known in Bagdad. 
17. House-flies collected from the faces of children suffering from 
the open type of sore nearly always show the sore pai'asites in the gut. 
The parasites quickly degenerate and do not develop into flagellate 
forms. 
18. House-flies must often act as mechanical carriers of the disease 
to open wounds. 
19. Mosquitoes, Stomoxys, and bed bugs fed upon the sore are 
found to take up parasites. 
20. Only in Stegomyia fasciata and the bed bug do the parasites 
develop into Herpetoinonas forms. This is however no evidence that 
these insects are the natural carriers of the disease. 
The same remark applies to the development in bed bugs of the 
parasites of Kala azar described by Patton. Development probably 
takes place because of the large quantity of blood taken up acting as a 
culture medium. 
21. The transmitting insect is probably sometimes the house-fly 
and more usually either one of the mosquitoes or the sand fly 
(Phlebotamus). 
22. The parasites of the sore develop into Herpetomonas forms in 
rabbit’s or dog’s blood agar as previously demonstrated by Nicolle and 
Row. 
23. The inoculation of dogs and other animals (not monkeys) with 
juice from a sore or artificial\Culture on blood agar has failed in my hands 
to infect these animals. 
