464 
EDUCATIONAL NEEDS 
mental subtlety. Shape this University’s course so that 
it shall help in the production of a constantly upward 
trend for all your people. 
You should be always on your guard against one 
defect in Western education. There has been alto¬ 
gether too great a tendency in the higher schools of 
learning in the West to train men merely for literary, 
professional, and official positions; altogether too great 
a tendency to act as if a literary education were the 
only real education. I am exceedingly glad that you 
have already started industrial and agricultural schools 
in Egypt. A literary education is simply one of many 
different kinds of education, and it is not wise that 
more than a small percentage of the people of any 
country should have an exclusively literary education. 
The average man must either supplement it by another 
education, or else as soon as he has left an institution of 
learning, even though he has benefited by it, he must at 
once begin to train himself to do work along totally 
different lines. His Highness the Khedive, in the 
midst of his activities touching many phases of Egyptian 
life, has shown conspicuous wisdom, great foresight, and 
keen understanding of the needs of the country in the 
way in which he has devoted himself to its agricultural 
betterment, in the interest which he has taken in the 
improvement of cattle, crops, etc. You need in this 
country, as is the case in every other country, a certain 
number of men whose education shall fit them for the 
life of scholarship, or to become teachers or public 
officials. But it is a very unhealthy thing for any 
country for more than a small proportion of the 
strongest and best minds of the country to turn into 
such channels. It is essential also to develop indus¬ 
trialism, to train people so that they can be cultivators 
