236 ELEPHANT-HUNTING [ch. x 
night. But those rhinoceroses which formerly dwelt in 
the plains for the most part continued to dwell there 
until killed out. So it is at the present day. Not the 
most foolish elephant would under similar conditions 
behave as the rhinos that we studied and hunted by 
Kilimakiu and in the Sotik behaved. No elephant, in 
regions where they have been much persecuted by 
hunters, would habitually spend its days lying or stand¬ 
ing in the open plain ; nor would it, in such places, 
repeatedly, and in fact uniformly, permit men to walk 
boldly up to it without heeding them until in its 
immediate neighbourhood. The elephant’s sight is bad, 
as is that of the rhinoceros; but a comparatively brief 
experience with rifle-bearing man usually makes the 
former take refuge in regions where scent and hearing 
count for more than sight; while no experience has 
any such effect on the rhino. The rhinos that now live 
in the bush are the descendants of those which always 
lived in the bush, and it is in the bush that the species 
will linger long after it has vanished from the open ; 
and it is in the bush that it is most formidable. 
Elephant and rhino differ as much in their habits as 
in their intelligence. The former is very gregarious, 
herds of several hundred being sometimes found, and is 
of a restless, wandering temper, often shifting his abode 
and sometimes making long migrations. The rhinoceros 
is a lover of solitude ; it is usually found alone, or a bull 
and cow, or cow and calf may be in company; very 
rarely are as many as half a dozen found together. 
Moreover, it is comparatively stationary in its habits, 
and as a general thing stays permanently in one 
neighbourhood, not shifting its position for very many 
miles unless for grave reasons. 
The African elephant has recently been divided into 
