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CH. XIII] GOVERNMENT PROBLEMS 
of life, constantly striving to better them and bring 
them forward, but not twisting them aside from their 
natural line of development, nor wrenching them loose 
from what was good in their past, by attempting the 
impossible task of turning an entire native population 
into black Englishmen at one stroke. 
The problem set to the governing caste in Uganda is 
totally different from that which offers itself in British 
East Africa. The highlands of East Africa form a 
white man’s country, and the prime need is to build up 
a large, healthy population of true white settlers, white 
home makers, who shall take the land as an inheritance 
for their children’s children. Uganda can never be this 
kind of white man’s country ; and although planters 
and merchants of the right type can undoubtedly do 
well there—to the advantage of the country as well as 
of themselves—it must remain essentially a black man’s 
country, and the chief task of the officials of the 
intrusive and masterful race must be to bring forward 
the natives, to train them, and above all to help them 
train themselves, so that they may advance in industry, 
in learning, in morality, in capacity for self-government 
—for it is idle to talk of “ giving ” a people self- 
government ; the gift of the forms, when the inward 
spirit is lacking, is mere folly ; all that can be done is 
patiently to help a people acquire the necessary quali¬ 
ties—social, moral, intellectual, industrial, and, lastly, 
political—and meanwhile to exercise for their benefit, 
with justice, sympathy, and firmness, the governing 
ability which as yet they themselves lack. The widely- 
spread rule of a strong European race in lands like 
Africa gives, as one incident thereof, the chance for 
nascent cultures, nascent semi-civilizations, to develop 
without fear of being overwhelmed in the surrounding 
