GARDENS AND ORCHARDS. 177 
chain length distant is recommended, which is ten upon 
an acre. 
Season of Planting .—In a dry soil autumn is pre¬ 
ferred ; in a tenacious soil, the spring: the roots should 
be left on, as many and as long as possible; the young 
planted trees must he carefully protected from sheep, 
which, in a snow, would peel off the bark, and soon 
destroy the whole plantation. 
At the end of two or three years, the stocks are sawn 
off about six feet above ground, and cleft grafted ; the 
grafts are protected by a kind of wicker-work basket, 
fastened round the stock ; but he recommends grafting 
in the boughs. 
He also recommends planting fruit trees in hop yards, 
as an advantageous practice : the trees, when young, do 
little injury to the hops ; are highly improved by the 
hop cultivation ; and, before their size becomes inju¬ 
rious, the ground is worn out for hops, and may be laid 
to grass, or cultivated. 
The neglect of pruning fruit trees, which often oc¬ 
curs, is highly blameable, the suffering them to be 
ruined by misletoe still more so ; it is easily pulled out 
with hooks in frosty weather, and is worth more than 
the labour, as fodder for sheep, who are very fond of 
it, and to whom it is good and wholesome food.—Mr. 
Marshall conceives, that healthy trees, kept so by pro¬ 
per pruning, and free of misletoe, are less liable to 
blight than neglected ones; he also observes, that 
young fruit trees can seldom be raised with success in 
old orchard grounds, and that pear trees being of 
much longer duration than apples, they ought not to 
be mixed in the same fruit ground. 
Perry is the produce of pears alone ; 
Cyder is either produced from apples alone j 
WORCESTERSHIRE.] N Of, 
