204 
WEEDING. 
Marshall says, the following are also common : ivy 
chickweed (veronica hedere folia), hairough, or corn 
goo.-egrass (galiuni spurium), shepherd’s purse (thlaspi 
bursa pastoris), mouse ear (cerastium vulgatum), fu- 
mitery (fumaria officinalis), chadlock (sinapis arvensis), 
goose foot (chenopodium viride), marigold (chrysan¬ 
themum segatum), poppy (papaver rhceus), wild oat 
(avena fatua), corn horse-tail (equisatum arvensis), knap 
weed (scabiosa arvensis), besides the couch grasses, and 
many others less common. 
The original design, and true use, of summer fab 
lows was, and is, to destroy weeds, previous to sowing 
the intended crop; and thus, by preventing their 
growth with and in the crop, to apply the whole force 
of the land to that alone; but the intention is frus-. 
trated, and the effect defeated, unless the fallow be well 
managed ; ploughing in dry weather has a tendency 
to destroy root weeds, as couch grasses, thistles, horse¬ 
tail, colt foot, &c. ; but the ground should afterwards 
be harrowed down fine, and left for showers to force 
the vegetation of the seedling weeds, which include 
most of the other species, and when they are well ve¬ 
getated, they should be well ploughed in, and the 
ground again harrowed to vegetate those seeds which 
were before ‘oo deep, as well as to bring the root 
weeds to the surface, to promote their destruction by 
exposure to the sun and air ; a fallow well managed, 
by these operations being repeatedly and well-timed 
during the summer, will probably have little occasion 
for weeding during the crop, unless the land has been 
long fouled by weeds shedding their seeds. 
It is to this latter circumstance, that the innumerable 
weeds in cultivated ground are principally owing ; for 
being hardy natives their seeds will vegetate, after be- 
in 0. 
