60 
Records of the Geological Survey of India. [vol. i. 
Notes on route from Poona to Nagpttb, via Ahmednijggttb, Jalna, Loonae, 
Yeotmahal, Mangaei and Hingtjnghat, by W. T. Blaneokd, P. G. S., &c. 
Almost throughout tie entire route tie rock is trap. 
Poona to Almcdnuggur .—Leaving Poona the traps between tie Moota Moola and 
Bheema rivers present but few peculiarities. They are tie usual stratified amygdaloids, 
more or less compact, with some bands of ashy, or of basaltic varieties. Dykes are scarce, 
and very small, if they occur at all. 
The beds are nearly, if not. quite, horizontal. There is an apparent very low dip to the 
south-west not amounting to 1°. 
_ The hills east of Wagoolee appear to be formed of beds absolutely horizontal. Upon 
their top, which is quite flat, is a plain of cotton soil, cultivated in places, which must have 
resulted from decomposition of the trap. 
Crossing to the north bank of the Bheema, the traps have the same low dip. The 
country is an undulating plain, and the flat hills which dot it near the Bheema disappear 
entirely further on. Cotton soil occurs everywhere; it is more sandy near the river where 
there is alluvium in places. 
Beyond Koondapoor the plain is traversed by streams which have cut valleys, with 
steep sides and more or less flat bottoms. The whole country has very much the appearance 
of a plain formed by marine denudation, through which plain the streams have cut. But 
the general uniformity of the surface is doubtless due to one hard bed of trap. Where this 
has been cut through by a stream, the rocks beneath are easily removed till another hard bed 
is met with, and this generally forms the base of the valley. 
Over a large area the principal bed is seen to have a very low easterly dip, not nearly 
amounting to 1,° at the most £ to ^ a degree. It is a very flaggy bed. 
About a mile east of Banguugaon the beds appear to roll over and to dip at a very 
low anglo to the south. This is at the watershed between the Bheema and the floor rivers. 
A more rubhly bed of trap comes in decomposing into round boulders. There is an apparent 
undulation in the beds hereabouts, but at such extremely low angles that the appearance 
may he due to the lenticular form of beds or accidents of denudation. 
Thence to the Goor at Seroor the road descends gradually, passing hills more or less 
rounded in form, composed of the softer beds of the trap. 
The hills immediately north-east of the Goor are much rounded and the bedding 
inconspicuous : it is, however, nearly, if not quite, horizontal. 
Near the 24th milestone from Ahmcdnnggur the road comes up upon high ground. 
The beds around are well seen, and are nearly horizontal. Indeed, the apparent low dips 
may be duo to the lenticular form of the beds. An instance of this is seen on a hill about 
one mile south of the road just where the latter attains the summit level. One of the strata 
composing the hill thins out rapidly, so that the terrace formed by its upper surface dips east, 
and that formed by its lower surface dips west. 
Still there is hero, as before, the appearance of a very low westerly dip. The country 
as far as Soopa is an undulating plain with scattered rocky flat-topped hills. The traps as 
usual consist of alternations of hard basaltic beds with softer ashy strata. 
From Soopa eastwards the same horizontal stratification prevails. About the 11th mile¬ 
stone from Ahmednuggur there is an apparent low southerly dip. Thence the country 
falls gradually to the broad and nearly flat valley of the Sina river. 
From Ahmednuggur the road runs north to the base of the flat-topped hills which 
enclose the Sina valley. In these hills the traps appear to be perfectly horizontal. Thirteen 
miles from Ahmednuggur at the Seeor Ghat the road suddenly descends a scarp 500 feet 
high to the nearly flat valley of the Godavery. On the side of the road towards the top 
