64 
Records of ike Geological Survey of India. 
[vol. i. 
12 miles further on. The rocks appear perfectly horizontal, and these scarps which are not 
of great height may he merely steps in the descent from the high ground, and the upper traps 
of the Deccan plateau to the lower ground and inferior .formations of N agpur. At the same 
time it is quite possible that the traps have a low dip to the west, hut if so, it is, as usual, 
so slight as to be imperceptible. 
The country continues to fall beyond Dharvi towards Larkeir. A little south-east 
of Larkeir the traps have a distinct low dip, about 2° to north or north-east. A similar 
low northerly dip is seen about the village of Both. There are low scarps to the south, and 
long slopes on the north side of the hills. 
Near Kini, a few miles west of Ycotmahai, there are some small rounded hills of very 
compact laterite. It is highly ferruginous, and might doubtless be used as iron ore. It is 
generally concretionary i i its structure (but not formed of minute concretions aggregated 
together like the Bengal laterite), and covered with the usual brown glaze. Some fragments 
show distinct stratification, and pass into ferruginous shale. The mass of the rock resembles 
the laterite of M ahableshwar, and like that contains yellow or white clay in small angular 
or rounded fragments. 
East of Ycotmahai other knolls of laterite occur. They are about 100 to 150 feet 
high, but it is impossible to see how much consists of lafcrito and how much of trap. The 
laterite appears to be horizontal, but only isolated caps remain. It contains small rounded 
grains apparently of decomposed trap. 
Ycotmahai stands high: there is a considerable ascent to it from each side. To the 
east the road continues to descend towards the Will'd a valley and about Kalam emerges 
from low hills into a broad open plain. The traps along the sides of the hills appear horizon¬ 
tal as usual. 
There is some peculiar compact and crystalline limestone near Ralagao and Antargao, 
apparently intertrappean, but so far as was observed unfossiliferous. Its character differed 
from all other intertrappean beds seen. 
The boundary of the trap at the Wurda on Malcolmson’s map (Trans. Geoi. Soc., Lond., 
2nd Ser., Vol. V) is incorrect. He makes the subjacent formations extend in a great way 
1o the northward and westward. Really all is trap on the Wurda to below its junction with 
the Wunna. 
No intertrappeans (unless the limestone of Ralagao belongs to that formation) bad been 
met with throughout the Deccan or anywhere along the road until between the Wurda 
uml M augali. Near the village of Doilchi, 5 or 6 miles east-south-east of Pohna and 
to the west of the village, there is Hue compact brownish-white limestone with fragmentary 
fossils and occasionally perfect Melanias (M. qliadri/ineala'/). East of the village a good 
section of limestone associated with fine white, and yellow shales is seen in a stream with 
trap both above aud below. In the underlying trap are fragments of the limestone enclosed. 
The amount of trap seen below is very small, aud limestone may recur beneath, otherwise the 
former must he intrusive. It does not follow that the intrusion is more than local. The 
shales contain Cj/pridun in abundance, with fish scales and wings of insects. They dip 
slightly to the northwards. 
In the Wlinua close to its confluence with the Wurda a fossil vertebra of some large 
animal was pulled up. Probably the ossiferous gravel occurs here. 
Trap occurs at Chikni; thence to Samli very little rock could be observed. At Don- 
gurgaon, 2 or 3 miles south of Chikni, is a low ridge of hard siliceous rock, but 
whether it belongs to the gneiss series, or is one of the usual sedimentary rocks more 
hardened than elsewhere, it is impossible to say. 
At Almoodi south of Sami i trap occurs, probably an outlier. At Talligaon just north 
of Almoodi between Saiuli and Mangali close to a tank sandstones fine, hard and compact 
in general, containing bands of pebbles and conglomerates in places, occur with a north or 
north-east dip (towards Mangali). The sandstones are white and grey, with specks and 
patches of bright red. The pebbles in the conglomerate comprise vein quartz, quartzite, 
metamoTphics of various kinds, red jasper (rarely) and a somewhat sandy rock having the 
appearance of silicified wood or coral. Beneath the conglomeratic beds are some fine red 
argillaceous sandstones. 
