W. 3.] 
Me HU colt, Tindhyam in Ihjpootam. 
69 
circumstances indicating great antiquity. Unfortunately, however, very little information 
was obtained regarding the mode of occurrence or the antiquity of these specimens. And 
it therefore was of the highest interest to find absolutely in the bone-bearing beds of the 
Godavery some 30 feet below the surface at that place, and in a bed, not of soft easily 
movable silt or sand, but of hard compacted calcareous conglomerate, the flake of which 
drawings are now given. 
It is, however, as yet the only case on record of such occurrence of works of human 
art in these beds in this country. And we would earnestly seek the co-operation of (hose 
who may be more permanently in the vicinity of these deposits to institute and maintain 
a search for others. Mere casual visitors have comparatively hut slight chance of success 
in such researches. 
September, 1868. _ 
The boundary of the Vindhyan seeies in Rajtootana, by H. B. Medlicott, f. g. s., 
&c., &e. 
The strata of the Vindhyan period have long since received a prominent place in the rock 
series of Hindustan. In the typical area between the Nerbudda and the Jumna, the 
Geological Survey had been for some time more or less accurately acquainted with the 
relation of the Vindhyans to the underlying rocks along the south-eastern and north-eastern 
boundary, when, in the cold season of 1865-66, I was sent to investigate their western 
extension towards the Arawali range in Rajpootana. The formation as a whole shows no 
effects of disturbance ah extra. Along the entire north-eastern boundary, wherever older 
rocks are exposed, the Vindhyans rest totally nnconformably upon all, whether crystalline 
schists or umuetamorphic strata. The junction is normal and undisturbed, being simply- 
exposed by denudation; and its position coincides more or less with an original limitation 
of the basin of deposition. Along the south-eastern boundary there is the same total 
unconformahility with all underlying rocks ; but here there is a margin of variable width in 
which the strata are more or less intensely disturbed; for the most part this has the character 
of simple elevation outside the boundary or of depression inside it; but the junction is often 
locally faulted. I Ure too, however, there are indications of an original limitation of the 
deposits corresponding with the actual boundary; several of the sub-groups thin out and 
disappear on approaching it. Besides the feature that has been noticed in the north and 
south extension of the Vindhyan groups there is an analogous feature in the east and west 
distribution; along the south boundary several of the groups are overlapped and so disappear 
from east to west; thus it is only in the eastern portion of the area that we find the important 
and peculiar strata which are known among us as the lower Vindhyans, and which are well 
exposed throughout the entire length of the Sono valley. 
The examination of the third and western boundary of tbis area has not added anything 
to our general knowledge of the Vindhyan rocks. Tho boundary is as sharply defined as 
elsewhere; the groups that are seen are like their representatives 500 miles to eastwards, 
with which they are continuous; and even the features of the boundary are like what 
is seen in the Nerbuddu valley. The lower Vindhyans do not appear anywhere along 
this junction; but the several groups of the upper Vindhyans—the Bundairs, the Rowans 
and the Kymores-—are well represented. The famous old fort of Cliittorgurh stands close 
to the western boundary, upon a, scarped bill of Bundair sandstone, an outlier of a plateau to 
the east; the limestone and shales of the same group being well exposed in the plains 
at its base. The same beds are also well seen to the north-east, about Parsoli and at 
Boondi, close to the boundary ; and at several plaoes the lower groups crop out along the 
boundary from beneath the Bundairs. Although hero, as elsewhere throughout this series, 
there is a strong apparent likelihood for the deposition and preservation of fossil remains, 
none have been discovered. 
To the w-est of Bagh the steep scarp of the Deccan trap hounding the Nerbudda valley 
on the north is rather the face of a ridge than of a plateau. There is a very considerable fall 
on the northern side, and the country is deeply undulating instead of formed of open plains 
as at a few'miles distance to the east. In the valleys and low ground about Jubbooah the 
crystalline rooks are freely exposed. We here, in fact, come upon the western boundary 
of the Mahva plateau. It is a very irregular orographical feature, being purely determined 
