H 
Records of the Geological Survey of India. 
[vol. IT. 
and wife) to accompany me during my examination of the remaining portion of the district 
of Manbhiim. They remained with me for upwards of three months, washing daily at 
such places as pointed out. 
One of the most interesting results is, that the existence of gold in the metamorphic 
as well as the sub-metamorphic rocks has been satisfactorily proved. This, from various 
reasons, I was not prepared to expect. Colonel Haughton, who speaks of the granitic 
gneissose rocks as igneous, states that, gold is never found in the streams traversing them. 
Again, the Natives, so far as my experience goes, do not wash in the sands, &c., lying on 
the metamorphic rocks, although they do not connect the existence of gold in the sands with 
the vicinity of any particular rock. 
In Manbhum, the experience of generations of washers has enabled them to define 
the boundaries within which washing is remunerative; and this boundary, it is interesting 
to observe, corresponds on the north exactly with that of the sub-metamorphic rocks.* This 
coincidence I ascertained in the following manner. On my arrival at Dulini (which is 
•situated on the faulted boundary of these two groups of rocks) when marching northwards 
from the lower part of Puttrum, the gold-washer asked to be allowed to return to his own 
country (Dhalbhiiin), stating that none of his race ever went north of Duirni. I induced 
him however to stop, and while we remained north of the fault the washings were carried on in 
the granitic gneiss area with comparatively poor, but not exactly barren, results. On the day 
I crossed the fault south of Sindaree, when returning southwards, the gold-washer said that 
we should after that find gold more regularly and in greater quantities than we had done 
since we came north at Dulmi. 
During the whole time, a record was kept of the daily results and of the nature of the 
rocks in which the washings were made. The following abstract will suffice for comparison 
of the productiveness of the two formations:— 
Su b-mcto.morphics. 
January, 
February. 
March. 
April. 
Total. 
Number of days on which wash¬ 
ings wei*e made 
31 
9 
18 
8 
66 
Unsuccessful days 
2 
3 
2 
2 
9= 3’6 per cent. 
Gold in grains 
17-68 
4*65 
76 
2-45 
32-38 
Daily average in grains 
•57 
•516 
■4 
*3 
Daily average for whole period 
= "46 grains. 
Metamorphics. 
January. 
February. 
March. 
April. 
Total. 
Number of days on which wash¬ 
ings were made 
20 
13 
33 
Unsuccessful days 
13 
9 
22 = 66 per cent. 
Total gold in grains ... 
4-78 
•7 
548 
Daily average ... 
•23 
•05 
Daily average for whole period 
5-48 
“ 33 — ' 16 - 
* A line drawn across the southern part of Jlanbhtim from Simlapal on the east through Burrabazar to a little 
north of Echaguvh on the west, roughly indicates the position of the line of boundary between the two formations. 
