PART 2.] 
Annual Report, 1868. 
31 
When I left the neighbourhood of Juggiapett early in the year, as already referred to, 
I had hoped that there would have been time to accomplish a detailed survey of that small 
atea, taken in connexion with the adjoining country, before the close of the season. As I 
have just stated, the early and very severe setting in of the monsoon prevented this. I regret 
this the more, from the reiterated statements which, have been made as to the existence of 
coal in that vicinity. Mr. C. Oldham, in regretting that he was compelled to give up the 
attempt to finish the work at that time, says—‘I was, however, able to trace out the succession 
of the beds there for a considerable distance, and I had the opportunity of examining with 
somewhat more detail than we were able to do, during our visit early in the year, the way in 
which the rocks lie, and to convince myself (in entire accordance with your own conclusions) 
that, certainly over the part of the area which I was able to survey, in which are some of the 
localities where coal had been reported, not only does nono appear, but that the occurrence of 
any thing like a workable seam of coal, unseen, is impossible. The rocks arc singularly well 
exposed and their succession very clearly seen. The general succession of rocks seen in the 
Juggiapett area is, in ascending order, quartzite slate, limestone, schistose slates, and over these 
upper slates, in the hills to the south, comes apparently another set of quartzites.’ The two 
lower groups, Mr. C. Oldham is inclined to refer to the Kuddapah series of rocks ; and the 
limestone with the slates above it to the newer Kumool group. There is apparently uncon¬ 
formity between the two series here, as in many other places. The Kuruool rocks cover a 
largo area in the Paluad, and the two limestones with associated shales, are seen separated 
by quartzite, (the 1 Paneum’ quartzite of the survey) ; this is locally of considerable thickness 
and forms a very well marked bed, hut elsewhere it thins "out to a couple of feet 
or even disappears altogether. The lower limestone of the Palnad is apparently identical 
with that which covers so very large an area near Juggiapett, although the actual'continuity 
of tlie two still remains to be traced. Much of the limestone would form a very durable and 
excellent building material, and several of the beds would yield a handsome ornamental marble, 
being veined in different colours, chiefly buff and pink. 
Chipped stone implements were traced up to the Kistna district. On the Muntaval 
pass, one was extracted from hard solid laterite. 
Prom Bezwara, Mr. C. Oldham visited a small area of sandstone at Tunglamoody, 
about 14 miles south-south-east of Bezwara. These sandstones there form a rising ground or 
hillock of no great extent. They are quarried for use in the adjacent country, where many 
temples have been built of them. Xo fossils were traceable, but from the general character 
of the rocks, Mr. Oldham considers them as belonging to the same group as the plant sand¬ 
stones further to the south, to some of which they bear a great resemblance. Further, while 
marching back to Madras from Ctuntoor, he noticed similar sandstones and some poreellanie 
shales in several places near to Yinkolu, and south of that along the road : and at Razpoody 
a considerable amount of them is exposed, chiefly a greyish and yellowish shaly sandstone. 
These beds are quarried to some extent for local building purposes. The great resemblance 
lithologically of these rocks (shaly sandstones, and porcelain-like shales) to those in the 
neighbourhood of Sripermatoor, in the Madras district,is striking. Mr. C. Oldham thinks 
all these belong to the same series, and thus we have, at a distance of 450 miles from where 
we first found them in the Trichinopoly district, remains of a series of deposits once continu¬ 
ous, and the connection of which is now only indicated by the many detached areas of the 
Same beds, which have been traced by the survey in the South Arcot, Worth Areot, Madras, and 
Nellore districts. 
Bombay. —The Bombay parly of the survey has been during the whole year under the 
charge of Mr. A. B. Wynne, Mr. Blanford being, during all the time, absent with the 
Abyssinian Field-force. The party was engaged in the examination of Cutch, of which area 
about one-half has been very carefully completed. The reported occurrence of coal, said to be 
in workable quantity, was one reason which demanded a careful investigation of the rocks 
and their relations. But the principal interest connected with the investigation of Cutch cen¬ 
tered in the fossils, which occur there in considerable abundance. Along with others, very well 
preserved remains ol* peculiar plants occurred, easily recognizable, and giving a very marked 
facies to the flora of these rocks. This was characterized by the predominance of various 
forms of Cycadew. These same forms of Cyeadeso had been found in abundance in Benovil, 
at the opposite side ol the Indian peninsula, and in many places near to Madras, far to °tho 
south. In the Kajmahal Hills no associated beds occur from which the true geological horizon 
