Records of the Geological Survey of bulia. 
[vot,. ir. 
58 
At a short distance above the base of the formation, on an average not more and often 
greatly less than 200 feet vertically, are soft and harder white calcareous beds crowded with 
mmmulites and fasciolites, the former of several kinds, and associated with them are 
numerous echini, bivalves, &e. 
The Nurmruditit; beds are generally nearly horizontal; they produce ground of singularly 
barren aspect, reminding one of the Egyptian desert, the white nummulites weathered 
out lying thickly upon the surface in place of soil, and from their abounding in that neighbour¬ 
hood being called by the native Lukput paisa. 
For several miles eastward of Lukput, along the edge of the Runn, these rocks are 
brought against the Jurassics by a fault, and having followed the low ground round the 
western limits of Kuteh they disappear for a considerable space in the country north and 
north by east of Jackow, but set in again in the low lands further east. 
In other parts of the low country, unoccupied by the Nummulitic group, highly fossili- 
ferous tertiary rocks abound, containing a large number and great variety of genera, includ¬ 
ing turritella, ostrea, conus, fasus, valuta, strombus, nation, trochus, oliva, cassis, cerithium, 
scalarium, cyprma, halamts, pecten ; clypeaster, ciotaris, &c.:—of Crustacea, some well pre¬ 
served crabs, besides large bones and great molar teeth, and very many other interesting 
fossils, complete lists of which it is hoped will hereafter appear. 
The thickness of these rocks is not yet sufficiently clear to be stated, hut is considerable, 
probably exceeding 500 or from that to 800 feet. 
It seems most likely that these Tertiai'y beds have been deposited in shallow water 
under shore conditions and subject to causes producing great irregularity of deposition. The 
occurrence of leaf beds in the group repeats the case of the Jurassic beds with regard to the 
alternation of fresh and salt water periods, and among the upper beds the predominance of 
sands almost devoid of organic remains indicates a different state of things from that under 
which the highly fossilil'erous strata accumulated. 
Post-Teutiary. 
In several places a coarse concrete is found containing numerous fossil oysters, generally 
of large size. It appears to rest unconf'ormably upon the Tertiary rocks, and may he an 
old member of the coast series or “littoral concrete” of Western India. 
Other post-tertiary and superficial deposits, such as alluvium, blown sand, river concrete, 
and a rock much resembling the latter, found high upon the nanks of many of the hills, 
have merely to he mentioned, their occurrence here being in all respects similar to that 
in other localities. _ 
Coal is often mentioned as occurring in Kuteh. Carbonaceous shales have been met with 
in several places both in the Jurassic and Tertiary rocks, but chiefiy in the former, and 
these sometimes contain layers of bright coal. This is usually very thin, forming but small 
parts of the hands quite too limited in thickness and extent (so far as known) to repay the 
cost of working. 
The largest layer, opened upon formerly at the village of Trombow, north-north-east of 
Bhooj, is now concealed by the workings having fallen in. 
Alum is extracted in considerable cpiantities from the sub-tertiary shales of Western 
Kuteh. 
Iron used to he made in various parts of the province, but the manufacture has ceased 
}n consequence of the facility with which Foreign iron can he obtained. 
In conclusion, it remains only to be stated that several points of interest necessarily 
passed over in this hasty sketch have been reserved for subsequent consideration in the 
report to accompany the map, data for which are still being collected. 
Amongst these are some facts tending to afford farther proof of the association of 
aqueous deposits with the earliest beds of the Stratified Trap, and also indications that their 
highest flows or beds were not much older than the lowest Tertiary rocks, if indeed some of 
them were not contemporaneous. 
