PART 4.] 
Latuder: Miner"/. Statistics of Knmaon. 
*7 
In the following notes I am indebted to reports already published for much information. 
The principal economic products in the Kumaon Division are the following: gold ; copper; 
lead ; iron ; arsenic; sulphur; alum ; lignite ; bitumen; limestones ; flags; slates, &c., &e. 
Detail of Localities. 
Kumaon District. 
Copper. —Ores of this metal are found at 11 ai in Gungoli, Sira Barabisi, 
Kharai, Kemokhet (each bank of Luddya river), Geewar, &c., &c. 
Rai.—This mine is the principal one in the Putti. The ore is chiefly pyrites, 
and occurs in a matrix of steatitic and taleose schist. I visited these mines in the 
winter of 1868-69, and found the mines closed up by a landslip, and the entrances full of 
water. The ore is extracted by means of drifts slightly inclining upwards to allow for 
drainage, as appears to be the mode most generally adopted throughout the hills. A 
specimen of ore which I found on the spot seemed rich. I also discovered slight traces of 
copper pyrites in quartzite near Gunai in Athagaon Putti. 
Sira Barabisi.—Sira is noted for its copper mine. Dolomitic and taleose rocks form 
the gangue. The ore is a mixture of copper and iron pyrites. 
Kharai.—Goul is the principal mine. The ore is worked in the same manner as at Rai. 
Steatite and limestone are the neighbouring rocks, the former being the matrix principally. 
Kemokhet.—Copper is found in small quantity on the east bank of the Luddya 
river in Kali Kumaon. I have seen no specimen of the ore. 
Geewar.—There is a small mine of copper in this Putti. 
At Gurung and Chinkakolly there are mines which have been closed for some time; 
also at Beler and Shore. 
Iron.— Iron is found in Dhuniakote, Agar, Geewar, Kutoli, Ramgurh, 
Tulli Rao, Chowgurka, &c., &c. 
Dhuniakote.—There are the remains of some mines or burrows just opposite the 
staging bungalow on the left bank of the Khyrna i-iver. The ore is haematite, occurring in 
irregular masses in quartzite. The rocks in the neighbourhood are more or less impregnated 
with oxide of iron. These mines are now unused. 
There is also a mine south of Semulkhain this Putti, and another in Utehakote, 
both now unworked. 
Agar.—This Putti is very rich in iron ore, almost every village having its mine. 
The ore seems to be a brown haematite. It occurs here generally in beds or clefts, and 
sometimes in irregular masses. The rocks in the vicinity are silicious. Only a few of these 
mines are now worked to any extent. 
Geewar.—Iron occurs in quantity in the neighbourhood of the villages Khetsari, 
Maeleliour, Tilwara, Simulkhet, Gudi, and Burlgaon. I can give no opinion 
as to the kind of ore, having no specimens. 
Kutoli.—At Suyalgurli there is some iron ore which is not at present worked 
to any extent. 
Ramgurh.—There are several mines in this Putti, some largely worked. 
Munglalekk.—This mine in Tulli Rao Putti is highly esteemed for the quality 
of its ore, which is raised in quantity. 
Chaugurka.—The ores of iron are plentiful in this Putti, and are worked in some 
places. 
At Jhirratoli in Darun the ore is magnetic. 
Dechouree and Khurpatal.—There is not, I believe, any ore, being at present 
worked by the Kumaon Ironworks Company. 
Graphite. —This mineral crops out at Kaleemut hill to the north of Almorah in 
the Jagesur range, and on the spur of Baniuee Devee, facing Almorah on the 
Lohughat road. 
