PART L.] 
Annual report for 1869 . 
7 
concealed by widely spreading jungles and forests often almost impenetrable. Mr. Blanford 
years since pointed out that it would be impossible to arrive at any satisfactory conclusions 
without actually boring in many places, and this actual testing of the ground is now being 
carried out successfully in conjunction with the general examination. Should the officers 
of the Survey be fortunate enough to preserve good health during the season, this year will 
see a large area thoroughly explored. As already mentioned, the late rains in October produced 
a good deal of fever aud illness, and, as usual, the Survey parties have also suffered. 
Madras.— The early part of the year (1869) was given by Mr. King and Mr. Foote 
to the completion of the geological area occupied by quartzites', slates, limestones, &c., which 
cover the larger portion of the districts of Kuddapah and Kurnool, and which appear, 
geologically, to represent in the south the older portion of the great Vindhvan series, to which 
allusion has already been made. This great area being complete in itself, that is, bein°- 
surrounded on all sides by rocks of totally different ages and different mineral characters, 
will be treated of as one. And since the close of the field work. Mr. King has completed’ 
a general report on the entire area containing many thousand square milesf This report is 
now in preparation for the press; and will be issued during the present year. Mr. Kino- took 
furlough-leave in September, handing over the Madras work to Mr. Foote. For the present 
season Mr. Foote has been directed to carry on the examination of the rocks, of the same 
mineral character, which appear under the great flows of the Deccan trap, and resting 
quite unconformably on the gneiss rocks in parts of the fiaichoor Doab, the vicinity of 
Belgaum, and under parts of the ghats on the western coast. That thev belong to the same 
general series as the rocks in Kuddapah and Kurnool there is no question, and it is hoped 
that Mr. Foote's acquaintance with the latter will enable him the more easily to identify them 
This will connect with the Madras area the work already done by Mr. C. Wilkinson some 
yearn since in Rutnagherry and Snwiint Warree," but which was unfortunately left 
unfinished, when that gentleman was obliged to resign his connection with the Survey, as his 
health could not bear the great exposure unavoidably entailed by his geological work. This 
work will also, I think, give us a second complete section (geological) across tiie Peninsula. 
I have had occasion already to notice the decease of Mr. C. Oldham, which untimely 
event, and Mr. King’s absence on leave have reduced the Madras party for the present season 
to only one, Mr. Bruce Foote. 
Bombay. —The Bombay party of the Survey continued the examination of Kutch as 
reported last year. This was completed before the close of the working season of 1869 and 
Mr. Wynne and Mr Fedden both deserve much credit for the zealous and earnest spirit 
witn which they carried out this work in a very difficult and in many ways very inaccessible 
district. Mr. Wynne has subsequently, during the monsoon, prepared' a very admirably 
executed map of the whole of Kutch, and has embodied his own and Mr. Fedden’s researches 
m a general report, accompanied with many excellent and well-drawn sketches. This map 
is on the same scale as the Atlas of India, namely, 4 miles = one inch, and it will scarcely be 
practicable to show the detail of the geology on a smaller map, although the publication of 
this large plan will he difficult. 
At the commencement 
Mr. Wynne proceeded, as 
that province, while Mr. F 
under his instructions, the 
he is now engaged. 
ot the present season, as soon as it was practicable to leave Kutch 
ordered, to the Punjab to take up the detailed examination of 
edden proceeded to Bombay, and joining Mr. Blanford took up 
examination of parts of the Chanda and Wo on districts, in which 
Jt had long been mydesire to cany out acareful examination of the Punjab, which offers 
to the Geologist many points of great interest, as well as promise of valuable mineral pro- 
ducts But the pressing demands for geological enquiry in other directions have always 
hitherto prevented any ot the staff of the Survey from being located there. It was. therefore 
withi pleasure that I found it practicable to send Mr. Wynne there this season, and I doubt 
not he will exhibit the same zeal and ability there as he has elsewhere. I have asked his 
Tt ' d attentl0n t0 the relatlons of tke beds from which petroleum is obtained or likely to be 
Bubmah. Mr. W. Theobald has, as anticipated in last year’s report, completed the 
general examination of the Prome district up to the frontier of British Burma!), so far as 
that lies to the east of the Irawadi. He has this season taken up the country lying to the 
west ot the river in the same parallel, and I hope the season will see it completed In this 
