50 
Records of the Geological Survey of India. 
[VOL. v. 
Tlie rocks are generally reddish and brown earthy elay-slates and a few beds of quart¬ 
zite sandstone of the Vindhyans, not at all unlike those of 
parts of the North Arcot and Cuddapah districts traversed 
by the north-west line of the Madras Eailway. 
Kamarum, in the Pakhal talook, is a poor village* in the midst of about the wildest 
part of this jungle-covered region. It is supposed to be the 
nearest convenient village to the coal locality of the Pakhal 
talook. 
Coal-field north north-west of Kd- Without further preface, it inay as well be stated at once 
m4rum - that this coal-field is very small and ill-placed in every 
way for its development. 
At the most liberal calculation, it is 156 acres in extent, and it very possibly may yield 
2,265,120 tons of coal, of which I should say 1,132,560 tons would be good coal, almost as 
good as that of the Warda E. coal-fields. It is unfortunately lying at the very inconvenient 
angle of 30° on the average; and the seams are apparently the water holders of the field. 
This little coal-field was reported to the Nizam’s Government by the then Tahsildar of 
Account of the discovery of coal- Ivandiconda, who gave a tolerably exact account of the 
occurrence of the coal and the nature of the country. 
There was great enthusiasm on the subject, and a reward of Es. 2,000 was at once 
determined on; but it became doubtful as to whose the reward ought to be, the Tahsildar 
being supposed to have a great claim. He certainly made a rush at the field as soon as 
he heard of it, though it was not in his talooks. However, it has now been definitely 
settled that the reward goes to the Koi men who knew of the coal, and the Banya who 
got the information from the Kois, by making enquiry on the subject. Under such a 
fair adjudication of the reward, it may be that further information regarding other seams 
of coal in this region may now be volunteered. 
So far, there is no more coal in the locality in question, it may be found lower down 
.. , ... the valley of the Pungady Vagu, and, as stated above, 
No other coal near at hand. J = . 
there are fair signs ot it at JVIootapooram in the Ivandiconda 
Talook, while the Barakars may crop out among the hills due north of Lingoogoodinm. 
The coal-field lies about six miles north north-west by 
Position of coal-field. , ... .... 
west of Kamarum, m the bottom ot a wide valley opening 
northwards, on a main feeder of the Pangady Vagu. 
Leaving Kamarum, the path for about 3 miles goes along the plateau top of a spur 
extending into the valley, over a thin set of Ivamthi sand¬ 
stones and conglomerates which are resting nearly horizon¬ 
tally on Vindhyan slates. This covering of sandstones 
is only a thin outlier left on the older rocks, which, except¬ 
ing at the coal-field, are the rocks of this part of the country. At the end of the 
spur, the path descends a low scarp or step of 30 or 40 feet, and then goes north-west 
for some distance down into the valley, until it crosses the main stream for the first time. 
A small patcli of Kamthis. 
Rocks of the country mainly 
Vindhyans. 
* Deserted, while I was there, the “ Kois” having migrated to another group of huts not far off. As a rule, 
these people deserted every village we came to or passed by, but they gradually emerged from the jungle when 
they found that no harm was meant, and came up to the camp. 
