PART II.] 
King: Singareny Coal Field. 
67 
Here, there is no hilly country to be got over, the locality being in the low country; 
while there is not nearly such thick jungle, though the field is completely covered by thin 
tree forest. The villages are somewhat more frequent and populous, and there are well 
marked paths in several directions. The distances also to the coal from Khummumet and 
Kundyconda are trilling when viewed in connexion with the proposed branch line* of Eail- 
way from Wartungul south-eastwards to the confines of the British Territory. 
It is difficult to indicate the exact place of the coal outcrop, owing to the inability of 
obtaining a sight at any place through the jungle : but it is about two miles, or scarcely 
this, due west of the small hill station marked on the atlas Sheet 75, near the villages of 
Cheedamulla (Sodamillal and Kollapoor, in the bed of the Yellindallapad vagu or stream. 
At this place, the stream is crossed by two low barriers of thick bedded sandstone striking 
nearly east to west with a dip of about 5° to the south, though the more northerly of the two 
barriers is part of a low anticlinal with the beds on its northern edge dipping north. The 
stream has cut an irregular zig-zag course, partly pot-hole and part gully, across this 
latter barrier, with rudely vertical sides of from four to thirteen feet high. The gully is 
deepest in the middle, deeper than at either the entrance or exit, and here the sandstones have 
been scoured out sufficiently to leave the top of the coal seam exposed all round the edges of 
an oblong pool, the floor of which is also of coal. It is thus that the thickness of the coal 
cannot be ascertained without boring or sinking a pit. 
About two feet of coal are visible, aud the seam is overlaid by, at the deepest part of 
the gully, thirteen feet of sandstone in one bed. There is no passage by shales, or clays, 
from coal to massive sandstone above, the junction between the two being perfectly clear and 
sharp. The rock is a eoai’se friable fel,spathic saudstone with small quartz pebbles, or gravel 
of pebbles thinly distributed through it. At the thickest, there is a single bed, but this even¬ 
tually resolves itself into two or three thinner beds. This is the character of these sand¬ 
stones on the Pangady Vagu as well as here; that they do not run of an even thickness for 
any distance, but that there are as it were bands of irregular lenticular beds of sandstone 
running into one another. 
The general lie of the Dam(jda beds, as well as of the other associated rocks, is in easy 
undulations and from east to west, with somewhat of a general basin form; but they appear 
to be only exposed to any extent on the Yellindallapad Vagu. Over the rest of the field, if 
they exist, they are covered by sandstones of the Kamthi sub-group, though seldom to any 
great depth, possibly not exceeding two hundred feet at the most in the southern part of the 
field. In the northern half of the field, it does not appear as if any boring would have to 
exceed one hundred feet. 
The rock series exposed in this Singareny field are, in descending order 
Kamthi, sub-group. 
Damudas (coal measures). 
Talchibs. 
VlNDHYANS. 
Crystallines (Gneiss, &c.), 
Kamthis and Damudas rest directly on the Gneiss for a good part of the eastern edge of 
the field. No T-alchirs are seen here, nor do I think they exist. Round the rest of the 
field, except for a mile or so to the east of Singareny, the underlying rocks are Vindhyan. 
* Part of a system of railway proposed by Mr. T. M. Hardy Johnston, M. Inst. C. E., Secretary to His 
Highness the Nizam’s D. P. W., in a Memo, addressed to Sir Salar Jung Bahadur, g„ c. s. i., dated July 1871. 
