34 
Records of the Geological Survey of India. 
[vol. VI. 
Seam, 
Seam. 
Deiid River Section. —South-west of Markatand a nearly horizontal seam of from 1'6" 
s to 2' of coaly shale and coal crops out at several places. Above it 
are ferruginous pebble beds and concretionary iron bands, the 
former resembling rocks occurring in the upper group, e. </., in the hills near Kussumbi on 
the Ranchi road. 
Gagur River Section.- —Although Barakars occur east of the cross-fault above described, 
the river section of these rocks commences at it. They consist of massive sandstones, which 
are horizontal or only slightly rolling, and are deeply cut by the river. North-west of 
Uduk&tra, a seam of coal is partially exposed on the southern bank 
underlying these sandstones. Apparently the same seam is again 
seen at the loop bend east-north-east of Burka-Dhuria; it there underlies some much 
honey-combed sandstone. The thickness of coal is about 2' 4". 
At the next reach there is another badly seen seam. Throughout 
the remainder of the section up to the Mahan the rocks are all coarse sandstones. 
The small streams flowing into the Gagur on the south were not examined in detail, 
but where crossed, they showed no signs of containing coal. They for the most part are 
at a higher level than the Gagur channel, and have not yet cut down to the coal exposed in it. 
The watershed where they take their rise is the spur of quartzite which penetrates the 
Barakar area, and which has been already referred to. 
Patpuria River Section. —The Patpuria stream rises in the high ground of the 
quartzite spur below Dhuria, where it passes on to the Barakars. The rocks exposed are of 
very peculiar appearance ; they consist of pebblo-beds and coarse conglomerates, which latter 
contain masses of blue quartz, jasper, and jasper breccia, derived from the sub-metamorphics 
in the vicinity. Not far off a large fragment of coal was seen, but no seam from whence it 
could have been derived was discovered. Half a mile from the 
month of this river there is a seam of coal which measures 2' 11 ; 
it underlies massive sandstones, and is not improbably a thickened continuation of the 
seam described in the Mahan section on page 32. 
The stream east of Kliargaona, which joins the Patpuria near its mouth, passes under¬ 
ground for some distance east-north-east of the village. At the 
base of the tunnel a seam of about 1' 0" of poor coal, possibly the 
same as the one in the Mahan and Patpuria, is exposed, My attention was drawn to this 
peculiar tunnel by a flock of blue pigeons suddenly rising out of a hole near the road. This 
hole proved to he an entrance to the cavern, the existence of which I might otherwise not 
have suspected. 
Turret River Section. —The Turra river, as well as its tributary, takes its rise in the ridge 
of metamorphic rocks outside the northorn boundary of the field, and joins the Mahan 
rather more than one mile west-south-west of Kerta. 
A short distance from the mouth there is a seam under a thick bed of sandstones which 
contains about 11" of inferior coal. About half a mile further up 
the stream, there is a flat seam containing coaly and carbonaceous 
shales, the thickness of which is uncertain. The map not being plotted, 1 am unable to 
say to what exact spot the next locality for coal marked on the topographical map may 
refer. Somewhere in that neighbourhood there are traces of carbonaceous shale, hut no coal. 
Like so many others in Sirguja, this river proved very difficult to follow up: throughout long 
reaches the accumulation of the water in the deeply cut Sandstone channel rendered it impos¬ 
sible to wade, and the thickness of the jungle on the ravine-intersected banks made it almost 
equally impossible to keep along the bank in sight of the rooks. 
Seam. 
Seam. 
