76 
Recurds of the Geological Survey of India. 
[vol. in. 
Copper Ores. 
Copper ores have been discovered in two localities in Mfinbhum. The principal is 
situated on the crushed and faulted junction of the metamorphic and sub-metamorphie 
rocks about one mile north-east of the village of Poordah, Pergunnah Manba/.aar, or about 
thirty miles from Piirulia. 
The rock in which the ore occurs is a coarse mica schist, which is traversed by nu¬ 
merous veins of quartz. Whatever the amount or quality of the original ore may have been 
which existed near the surface, it has nearly all been removed by natives, slight stains of 
the carbonates of copper on the schist and quartz debris alone remaining to indicate the 
object for which the numerous excavations which occur along the outcrop have been made. 
These ancient excavations at the time of my visit were filled up, some with water, 
others with debris, which circumstance, coupled with the fact of the ore having been 
removed, rendered it difficult to form a decided opinion as to the precise nature of the 
deposit. Subsequent examination of the numerous and often well-exposed copper ore deposits 
of Sin glib hum*, which appear to be of mixed character (generally the ore occurs disseminated 
through regular beds of schist; but departing from this rule, it occasionally occurs in 
true lodes), has induced me to believe that these ill-seen Manblium ores also occur in a two¬ 
fold manner. It is possible that, the copper-hearing beds of Manblium may belong to the same 
Geological Zone as those of Singlibluun; but there are arguments against, as well as for, this 
view. The whole question must be treated in greater detail than is now possible. 
The second locality at which copper occurs is near the village of Ivulianpur, or 
about thirty-two miles due west of that just noticed. It is on a small bill formed of schists 
and quartzites, which in one place are stained and encrusted with the carbonates of 
copper. There is an ancient excavation on the south flank of the bill. So far as it is possible 
to judge, the deposit seems similar to No. 1. It is not improbable that the ore may be found 
further westwards, but I did not succeed in obtaining any trace of it in the section exposed 
in the Subanrikti river. There is a small quantity of slag at the bottom of the hill, which 
indicates that the ore which was found here was smelted on the spot. 
The small indications of ore to be seen at the two localities mentioned above are certainly 
not sufficient to justify any expenditure for excavating, more especially as the attempts 
to work the similar, but vastly more extensive copper deposits of Singhbhum, have not 
hitherto proved to be remunerative speculations. 
Various rumours of the occurrence of ores of tin and copper in different parts of 
Manblium have from time to time been promulgated; but the supposed ores of the more 
valuable metals have generally proved to be either some form of iron ore, the green mineral 
epidote, or a bronze-coloured mica. 
30i 'h June 1870. 
DONATIONS TO MUSEUM. 
April 2nd .—Specimens of salt from the Sambur Lake. R. M. Adam, Esq. 
,, 26 th .—Specimen of petrified grass (rushes) from Java. Mrs. Banziger. 
May 1st.—Two earthen pots from the Andamans and Nicobar Islands, a few stone 
implements, and fragments of pottery from the Andamans. 
Feed. Stouczka, Pit. D. 
„ 1st .—A cup carved in serpentine from Skardo, Little Tibet. Ditto. 
„ 2nd. —Twenty-one ornamental (carved and moulded) bricks from Kiahnagurh. 
Mrs. Wood. 
June Utli .—A perfect crystal of oxide of iron, pseudomorphic of iron pyrites, from 
the foot of Sinawur hill, at head of the Suddoom valley. 
Captain T. T. Carter, e. e. 
„ 29 th .—A complete series of tools, used in South Staffordshire for sinking colliery 
pits and for working coal and ironstone. S. Minton, Esq., Dudley. 
* A description of these will appear in a future number in the map accompanying which the position of the 
lead ore will be indicated. 
