part 4 .] Ball: llaigur and Hengir Coalt field: (Gangpur). 105 
This seam is also seen in the streams west of the village of Sardega, but not so clearly 
as in the Baisandar. 
Below No. 1 of the above seam there arc some Barakar grits, and underneath them 
some arkose beds, which plaster over granitic gneiss, showing a most distinctly natural 
boundary. 
There are no traces of coal or other sedimentary rocks brought down from further north 
by the Baisandar. This, though not a proof that none such exist, may be taken as collateral 
evidence in favor of the view —also supported by the physical characters as represented on 
the map—that uncovered gneiss continues up to the plateau and is connected with the 
main gneiss of Eastern Udipur, &c. 
In the bed of the Jhajia river westwards, the large seam becomes much broken up by 
interpolations of sandstones and shales, and with the dying out of the more coaly bands the 
change is so complete that it is impossible to recognise it or trace any portion of it through 
successive reaches. Between Batansarai and Ghogarpali there are several seams or repetitions 
of a seam, but none contain coal of useful quality and thickness. As above mentioned, the 
upper sandstones appear on either hank, and in one place occupy the bed of the stream 
itself. South of Ghogarpali there is a seam containing about 30 feet of shale to one of coal. 
Above the village it is seen again, a portion having been burnt: in the unburnt part there is 
a hand of 8 inches of very good coal and several thinner layers. About 25 feet in all of this 
seam is exposed at this second locality. 
Between this and Bograkachar there are frequent outcrops of carbonaceous shale with coaly 
layers belonging to several distinct seams. Close to Bograkachar there is a seam of similar 
character with a slight indication of a dip to east south-east. The contained coal is in very 
thin layers. How far these rocks may extend northwards up the bed of the river I had not 
time to ascertain, but from the pebbles I think it probable that the gneiss cannot be very 
far distant. 
This little area of carbonaceous rocks which occupies the beds of the Baisandar and 
Jliajia rivers may be best understood by regarding it as a vast seam of some 500 feet 
of coaly and carbonaceous shale with irregular partings and interpolations of sandstones. 
Occasional thin bands of good coal occur, but they are rare, and the prevailing components 
of the seam are blue and black carbonaceous shales. 
The prominence and abundance of the outcrops are such that no one could possibly avoid 
noticing the coaly looking beds which are particularly well exposed in the vicinity of the road 
crossing at Tiltripara. 
As to the extension of these seams southwards underneath the upper sandstones 
nothing certain is at present known, and should it be found that the latter rest immediately 
on the Talehirs of the south boundary, then it will he impossible to solve this question 
without having recourse to borings. 
The centre part of this field is traversed by two principal streams, the Koldiga and the 
Kelo, with a number of smaller tributaries. The high ground between these is probably for 
the most part occupied by outlying patches of the upper sandstones, while in the river beds 
Barakar rocks are exposed. 
Kelo Section .—In the river section between Jhargaon and Hokra there are several 
outcrops of seams consisting of carbonaceous shale. Only one, that near Tiptipa, contains 
coal, hut even there It is in too small quantity to be of any use. At Hokra there is a 
10 foot seam of concretionary shale, no coal—dip 4° to 35° east of south. 
Beyond theGari Ghat there is a 2 foot seam of concretionary shale and coal—dip 7° south. 
