108 
Records of the Geological Survey of India. 
[vol. IV. 
of the sandstone tract, consisting principally of Kamthi beds, has been more cursorily 
surveyed. Talchirs occur in several small patches, mostly isolated, in the immediate neighbour¬ 
hood of the river. 
The description commences at the northern extremity of the area, at the confluence of the 
Tal and Godavari. The various rocks seen on the banks of the latter river between the 
Tal and Bhadrachalam are noticed in succession, then the sandstones around Ganara and 
DeorpaK north of the G odavari; and the remainder of the paper is composed of notes on the 
sandstone tract extending from Madavaram and Paluncha on the north to the coast alluvium 
on the south, commencing at the north-cast corner near Madavaram. 
The country has hitherto attracted but little attention from Indian Geologists : a portion 
of it is briefly described in Dr. Voysey’s Second Report on the geology of Hydrabad* * * § 
and in the extracts from his private journals ;f and the sandstones on the river banks are 
noticed by Mr. Wall in his “ Report on a reputed coal formation at Kota.”J But none of 
these papers do much more than to mention the existence of sandstone or other rocks in 
particular spots. 
It may be as well briefly to mention the features of the Godavari valley above the 
mouth of the Tal. Prom Sironcha the river runs through sandstones as far as the commence¬ 
ment of the second barrier just above the confluence of the Indraoti river with the Godavari. 
Here it enters metamorpkics, the sandstones (Kamthi, &c.,) occupying the country to the 
south-west. At the bottom of the barrier, after traversing a band of Vindhyan quartzites, 
the river enters the plant-bearing sandstones, and they are the only rocks seen upon its banks 
from this point to the mouth of the Tal, but at a short distance inland from the left bank 
a high range of Yindhyan quartzite runs parallel with the river, and terminates, a few miles 
before reaching the Tal, not far from the large village of Charla, whilst the quartzites and 
their associates extend as for as the Tal, and re-appear south of it. On the right bank of the 
river the sandstones stretch for a considerable distance, much farther than on the left. 
All the country between Charla and the Godavari appears to be alluvial; no rock is seen 
in the river bank for a long distance above the mouth of the Tal. 
On the road from Charla to Tiagra (Tengra) Talchirs are seen about a mile from the Tal. 
_ , _ , Some more are met with in the jungle to the east- 
ward ; but between the road and the Godavari none 
were detected. At Charla itself, nothing could be seen on the surface, and the hills to the east¬ 
ward are of Vindhyan sandstone, but blocks of unmistakeable Kamthls have been dug out 
from the north side of the village to repair the tank. There can, I think, be but little doubt 
that these are in place, and, if so, both Damlidas and Talchirs, which appear to the south¬ 
ward, must here be overlapped. 
In the branch of the Godavari east of the island (char or tanka) above the mouth of the 
Tal one solitary block of coarse conglomerate is seen. 
Hocks near mouth of 141 just above Ling£14. Precisely similar rocks come in, dipping at about 17° 
to the west at the spot where the Tal joins the 
Godavari. At this place fragments ot coal have been picked up, but despite much search, 
borings through the sand, &e., their source had not been discovered until after I had left 
the country.§ Three hundred or 400 yards above its mouth, Talchirs appear in the Tal, dipping 
* J. A. S., 13., 1833, Vol. It, p. 383. 
t Id. 1851), Vol. XIX, pp. 287-288 ana 296-302. 
t Mad. Jour. Lit. mid Sci., 1857, Vol.XVIll, p. 256. 
§ Since I left the Godavari, Mr. Vaustavcrn has cut into a small seam of coal under the rocks on the north 
side of the Tal at its mouth. It is about a foot thick aud yerj study. This is doubtless the source of the coal 
f ound at this spot. 
