PART 4.] 
Blanford: Sandstones of the Godavari valley. 
109 
at a high angle to the westward, and the same rooks recur at intervals for about three miles ; 
then limestone belonging to the Vindhyans makes its appearance. This limestone has been 
employed in the anicut and locks at the first barrier. 
Above Tiagra the Talchfrs seem not to extend far east of the bed of the Tal, metamorphics 
appearing near the stream on the right bank. On the left bank a hill of Vindhyan sand¬ 
stone appears just above Keshupur. The range of hills east of Tiagra, extending to llalveru, 
are of Vindhyan quartzite, east of which metamorphics occur. To the west of them Talchn-s 
are seen near Tiagra, but to the southward all is alluvium between the road to Dumagudem 
and the river. 
Along the (left) hanks of the Godavari below the mouth of the Tal, reefs of typical 
Damuda sandstone, more or less conglomeratic, run 
Rocks on banks of Godavari near Lingala. parallel with the bank to some distance south of 
Lingala, The dip is west, and west by south,—at 
Lingala W. 30°—40° S.,—with an inclination of 17° to 20°. These beds abound in Vindhyan 
pebbles and detritus, by which they are coloured quite red in some places. Small seams of 
coal have been found amongst them by Mr. Vanstavern in two or three places, but none 
exceeded 2 feet in thickness, and they can be traced a short distance only. Reefs of similar 
rocks occur in the river at a distance from shore, and beneath one of them a seam 5 feet thick 
was found by Mr. Vanstavern. 
At Omadharam, below Lingala, the river bank falls back to the eastward, and the strike 
of the rocks turns to the south, and then south-west, crossing the river. Beneath the lowest 
reef of Damuda conglomerate seen is some fine sandstone, probably belonging to the Talchlrs. 
Below this no rocks are seen on the left bank of the river for more than three miles. About two 
and a half miles above Parnasaln metamorphics appear, and continue as far as Dumagudem. 
Above the spot, at a village called Tarkala, Singaram (Ryeekelgoodium on one map) where 
the Damudas appear on the right bank opposite Lin- 
Mana“itr. B s<mth ' west of tte God4vari near gala, striking across the river, no rocks are seen in 
the river bank as iar as Biarain, a distance of eight or 
nine miles, and the country near the river bank consists of alluvium. Further inland rock crops 
out here and there, but much of the surface is covered with sand or sandy clay. On the 
road from Managur to Mangampet coarse felspathic sandstone is seen in two or three 
places. There is a hill of conglomerate dipping westward, south-west of the village of 
Romanja, and coarse sandstone and conglomerate is seen near Pyaran Tank. The hills west 
of Managiir consist of similar beds, white and brown in colour. The sandstone has the same 
loose pseudo-vesicular texture which is seen in some of the Kamthf beds, and in one 
spot hardened clay is intermixed with the rock as at Sironcha. The dip is low to the 
west or west by north. 
Rock is exposed here and there throughout the thick jungle with which all the coun¬ 
try is covered, except in the immediate neighbourhood of the river bank. Some small pits 
were made and borings put down near Singaram, and sandy shale and clays, white, pale 
buff, pink and brown, were met with, some of those cut into in the pits containing Glussop- 
teris. The beds seen at Singaram must be a continuation of the Damudas seen at Lingala, 
but it is impossible to say how much, if any, of the 
Rocks near singaram. coarse sandstones and conglomerates seen west of 
Managin'should be ascribed to this group. Judging 
from the other rocks found to the south-east, a large proportion of these beds are probably 
Kamthi, and fhere is every appearance of the Damudas being overlapped by the Kaiutlus 
near Managur, as they are in all probability at Charla. 
