C. L. Walton 
225 
The only local name I have met with is cynron gwartheg = cattle 
grubs or maggots ; this being used on the hills and sheep walks. Although 
not common, warbles are by no means rare upon horses, and a number 
have been reported; only one larva however reached me and that in 
but poor condition; this larva greatly resembled that of H. lineafa but 
was smaller and is probably H. equi. 
Gastrophilus equi Fab. 
The Horse Bot Fly is fairly abundant. I have seen them ovi¬ 
positing upon horses from July to September. In the early part of 
that month in 1916, I observed this insect ovipositing upon a pony 
mare and foal at 1000 feet elevation. The foal when approached by 
the fly, at once lay down and rolled. 
The ova can be seen in abundance upon working horses, and bots 
have been sent me from horses that have died from various causes. 
Melophagus or ixus Linn. 
There is no doubt that the greater frequency of dipping now practised 
helps considerably to control this sheep pest, but it is still abundant 
and large numbers of adults and pupae may be obtained at most moun¬ 
tain shearings. Several complaints as to its excessive abundance were 
made to me. In well-cared for flocks, especially in the lowlands these 
insects are not common; they are known locally as llau defaid, or sheep 
lice. 
Lyperosia irritaxs Linn. 
I have been bitten by this fly on several occasions but have never- 
found it in any numbers. 
Sheep Maggot Fly (Lucilia .sericata). 
This is undoubtedly one of the most troublesome pests of the Area 
and is the cause of considerable loss. The trouble is always particu¬ 
larly severe during bursts of heat following showers, and should such 
a period coincide with hay or corn harvest a combination of circum¬ 
stances hkely to produce the worst results will have arisen. Everyone 
is then fully occupied and the sheep are frequently less carefully tended 
than usual. Sheep when attacked at all badly, usually hide among 
herbage, etc., and since such herbage is then very abundant and the 
correct precaution of counting the sheep and looking up any that may 
