•604 
Nycterihiidae 
forwards: within and behind this series the connexivum bears several 
irregular transverse rows of moderately long bristles, while outside the 
curved series the lateral portions bear extremely minute rudimentary 
bristles. Posterior to this connexivum are two roughly oval, convex, 
chitinous areas (cf. Penicillidia jenynsi) ; each has a dense group of 
bristles at its outer angle, some of which are very long, otherwise the 
surface of each area is almost bare, but the hind margin of each bears 
inwardly {i.e. towards the middle line of the body) 4 or 5 bristles, 
rather wide apart. Behind these two chitinous areas is a transverse 
series of bristles, rising from two slight chitinous ridges which almost 
meet in the middle line, and on either side of the body is a blunt pro¬ 
tuberance bearing a group of bristles, one of which is very long: [these 
two bristle-bearing ridges and protuberances may possibly represent 
rudiments of a second pair of chitinous areas similar to those immedi¬ 
ately in front]. Subgenital plate . slightly bi-lobed, the apex of each 
lobe bearing a group of bristles, one of which is very long; the median 
part of the surface also bears a number of shorter and longer bristles. 
Larva: described and figured by Muir (1912, p. 356, PI. II, fig. 8). 
According to him, it is about 1-6 mm. by 1’2 mm., ovoid, broader behind, 
of the same general form as the other Nycteribiid larvae which are known, 
with two pairs of spiracles, the anterior being dorso-lateral and slightly 
behind the middle line, and the posterior pair being postero-dorsal, 
quite close to the hind end of the body. At the anterior end is a small 
constriction bearing the mouth-opening: but Muir’s description is made 
from full-grown larvae taken from the uteri of their parents, and as 
he himself states, the larvae change their shape somewhat on passing 
out of the uterus. Probably, therefore, this anterior constriction would 
disappear after the birth of the larva. No such constriction is described 
by Rodhain and Bequaert in the already born larvae of Cyclopodia 
greeffi (see above, p. 599). In 1908 the present writer described and 
figured a larva of Penicillidia jenynsi with a much more marked con¬ 
striction near the anterior end: but in this case, as justly remarked by 
Rodhain and Bequaert (1915, p. 257), the constriction was doubtless 
due to pressure of the sides of the genital orifice of the parent, which 
had been killed at the moment when the larva was passing through, 
or being held protruding from, that orifice. The normal form of a 
Nycteribiid larva after birth is probably that described by Rodhain 
and Bequaert for Cyclopodia greeffi, with elliptic or ovoid contour, the an¬ 
terior end being the more pointed, but not constricted. Muir’s figure 
also shows the anterior spiracles of the larva of. Eremoctenia progressa 
