114 
Queensland Trematodes 
may display in the shape and size of the testes must make one pause 
in placing undue weight on these as specific characters. E. sarcinum 
presents the further difference of having a ventral sucker of which the 
breadth exceeds the length. Other minor points of difference are : 
(1) In E. sarcinum the cephalic spines of the end groups are all equal in 
size. (2) The suckers are slightly smaller in proportion to the size 
of the species. (3) The testes are decidedly smaller. (4) The yolk 
follicles are much smaller and the eggs slightly so. It is apparent that 
apart from the testes and the ventral sucker, which are at best some¬ 
what unreliable as distinctive features, the differences between the two 
species are of an essentially minor character. Although Dietz appears 
to do so, I am not inclined to attach much importance to the difference 
in the cephalic spines. In the four specimens at present under con- * 
sideration it so happens that the arrangement I have described is 
approximately constant but that has not been my experience with other 
species. The difference of host is of more significance in regarding 
these two forms as specifically distinct. 
In E. australasianum the ventral sucker is even more elongated 
than in the present species, the ratio of the length to the breadth being 
almost 2 : 1 instead of 4 : 3. The testes, too, in addition to having a 
different shape, are very much smaller. 
Echinostomum ignavum n. sp. 
This is a small species, the distinguishing characteristic of which 
is the number of cephalic spines. There are 29 altogether, four of 
which form a terminal group at each end of the row. These terminal 
spines are separated from the others by a well marked space. The 
length of the terminal spines is 0’084 mm. ; of the other spines 0*065 to 
0 - 07 mm. 
Half a dozen specimens were collected from the intestine and caeca 
of a spur-wing plover (Lobivanellus lobatus). Only one of these was 
mature. It measured 2.8 mm. in length. The oral sucker has a dia¬ 
meter of O’15 mm. ; the ventral sucker measures 0’49 x 0’42 mm. 
and is situated O’7 mm. from the anterior end. The large pharynx 
measures O’17 x O’11 mm. Cuticular spines are present and extend 
back a short distance beyond the ventral sucker. The breadth of 
the head is 0’38 mm. and the maximum breadth of the body is 0’6 mm. 
The yolk glands are rather scanty and extend from the posterior border 
of the ventral sucker to the tip of the tail. The ovary lies 0’55 mm. 
