192 
Oxyuris vermicularis 
B. Case of a female, age 5|, operated upon for intussusception, and 
in whose appendix several Oxyuris were found. 
C. Case of a female, aged 7, operated upon for appendicitis, 
appendix found to be normal, but was packed with threadworms. 
D. Case of a female, aged 32, operated upon for recurrent appen¬ 
dicitis. The appendix was ulcerated at one point, and contained four 
Ascaris lumbricoides. 
E. Case of chronic appendicitis (no clinical history given) operated 
upon and the appendix found to contain one Trichocephalus trichiurus. 
The appendix was also the site of a primary carcinoma. 
These selected cases, although of much interest individually, do not 
help towards forming an estimate of the percentage of infected appen¬ 
dices, but they bear out the suggestion of von Moty (1902) that different 
varieties of parasites may cause different lesions of the appendix. Von 
Moty suggests that Ascaris lumbricoides causes an acute inflammation 
going on to gangrene, and that 0. vermicularis and T. trichiurus lead to 
a more chronic inflammatory condition. Our own cases confirm his 
suggestion regarding the inflammatory changes produced by Oxyuris. 
With regard to the records of isolated cases of appendicitis in which 
Oxyuris have been found in the appendix, it will be sufficient if we 
group these together. A bibliography of these cases has been appended 
for further completeness. Wakefield (1908), Wagener (1906), Walther 
(1905), report single cases, but no description of the gross or micro¬ 
scopic lesions is produced. Culhane (1910), Martin (1907), von Moty 
(1902), Pabeuf and Dubois (1908), Ashhurst (1909), Begouin (1902), 
report clinical cases and describe the histological changes found. They 
fail to establish any relationship between the parasites and the changes 
described. Winkler (1910), Hippius and Lewinson (1907), Weinberg 
(1907), Romanovitch (1911), Brumpt and Lecene (1910), Galli-Valerio 
(1903), report single cases of Oxyuris appendicitis in which the parasite 
is shown to be the actual cause of the disease. Wilson (1912), Burgess 
(1912), Grippen (1912), Macdonald (1912), etc. also report cases of 
Oxyuris in the appendix. Unterberger (1908) records two cases of 
Oxyuris appendicitis accidentally discovered at autopsies. 
Trichocephalus trichiurus in the Appendix. 
In view of the fact that T. trichiurus was not found present in any 
of our cases, we give below some of the statistics compiled by other 
investigators with regard to this worm. Brumpt (1910) quotes the 
following: 
