282 
Pflanzenkrankheiten. 
of wheat, which are two of the most widespread parasitic fungi. 
The aims of the Science are two fold — first, a knowledge of causes, 
second, methods of treatment either to prevent diseased conditions 
or mitigate their effects. The paper concludes with a discussion of 
the way in which these aims may be realised, and with some po¬ 
pulär fallacies concerning plant pathology. W. E. Brenchley. 
Pole Evans, J. B., Notes on plant diseases. (Transvaal Agric. 
Journ. Vol. V. N°. 19. p. 680—682. 1907.) 
I. An Apple disease, caused by Coniothecium chomatosporum, 
Corda. The fungus lives on the surface of the fruit and attacks 
apples at all stages of growth. The disease first appears as minute 
cracks on the skin, which become deeper as the apple increases in 
size, tili the core of the fruit is reached, when the apple soon withers 
and dies. 
This disease must not be confused with “Scab” or “Black Spot”, 
which is caused by the fungus Fusicladium — it is never accom- 
panied by the dark olive green velvety patches characteristic of the 
Scab fungus. Coniothecium occurs on the stem and branches as 
well as on the fruit, and the disease can readily be stamped out 
by spraying with Bordeaux mixture. 
II. Anthracnose of the watermelon. Colletotrichum lagena - 
rium (Pass.) Hals. 
This fungus attacks the bean as well as cucurbits. Anthracnosed 
beans have been proved to infect various cucurbits and vice versa. 
The parasite is particularly injurious to seedlings of cucurbits. The 
disease first appears on the fruit as minute dark green Spots, which 
increase in size and finally run together and form a sort of patch- 
work from which masses of pink spores exude. The affected tissue 
soon cracks and allows easy access to insect and other fungoid 
pests, which soon cause the fruit to rot. W. E. Brenchley. 
Sutton, G. L. and J. T. Pridham. The effect of some fungi- 
cides recommended for the presention of ‘stinking Smut’ 
(Bunt) on the germination of wheat seeds. (Agric. Gaz. N. S. 
Wales. Vol. XVIII. p. 235-253. 1907.) 
Seed wheat of different varieties was treated with various fungi- 
cides previous to sowing-hot-water, bluestone, formalin bluestone 
and slaked lime, bluestone and lime water. It was found that much 
of the seed was destroyed by hot water and by bluestone, the 
tables showing an average loss of 22.4°/ 0 . The vigour of the plants 
was much lessened in the plots planted with treated seed, resulting 
in reduced }delds in every' case as compared with the yield trom 
the untreated plot. 
It was also found that the film of bluestone deposited by treat¬ 
ment with that substance acts as a protection against re-infection of 
the seed b}^ ‘Smut’, but apparently the most effective solution is one 
that is strong enough to impair the germinating capacity of the seed 
to a serious extent. W. E. Brenchley. 
Wolf, F. A., A Rot of Grapes due to Pestalozzia uvicola Spegaz. 
(21 st An. Rep. Nebraska. Ag. Exp. Stat. p. 69—72. 1 fig. 1908.) 
Pycnidial forms of Pestalozzia uvicola were found very com 
