610 
Anatomie. 
is, it does not pass through a protostelic phase, and no cortical 
vascular tissue is present. The xylem of the cotyledons and leaves 
is endarch at the base and exarch in the upper portions. The gird- 
ling habit of the lateral leaf traces arises early. M. A. Chrysler. 
Jeffrey, E. C., Are there foliar gaps in the Lycopsida ? (Bot. 
Gaz. XLVI. 241—258. pls. 17. 18. Oct. 1908.) 
The autlior here replies to certain criticisms which have been 
made of his division of vascular plants into Pteropsida including 
largeleaved forms with foliar gaps, and Lycopsida including small- 
leaved forms lacking foliar gaps. He points out that in the Lepido- 
dendreae and the older Sigillariae foliar gaps were absent, while in 
the Permian Sigillaria Menardi gaps are present which do not cor- 
respond to leaf-traces. Phylloglossum presents appearances which 
might be mistaken for foliar gaps, but the leaf-traces really arise 
from the outer side of the stelar bundles, not from the base of the 
gaps between these. In Tmesipteris the apparent gaps are to be 
interpreted in the same way. Turning to the Equisetales, it is shown 
that in the cone of Equisetum the vascular Strands continue their 
course above a node, in contrast to the condition in the leafy stem, 
where the Strands of one internode stand above the spaces of the 
next lower internode. In the cone each traee leaves the vascular 
ring without subtending a gap, and in the lower part of the stem a 
mass of xylem known as “nodal wood” lies above the point of exit 
of a leaf-trace, so that in this case also no foliar gap occurs. The 
condition seen in the cone is regarded as the retention of the an- 
cestral condition, as is exhibited by Archaeocalamites. Other instances 
from the Calamites are cited to sustain the author’s contention that 
Pteropsida and Lycopsida represent phyla which have been separate 
from remote geological times. M. A. Chrysler. 
Shaw, F. J. F., A Contribution to the Anatomy of Ginkgo 
biloba. (New Phytologist, VII. p. 85—92. Textfigs 16—18. 1908.) 
There have been many speculations as to the morphological 
nature of the “collar” in the ovule of Ginkgo, but there has been, 
up to the present, little knowledge ot its anatomy. The author’s 
work is designed to fill this gap. The most interesting feature of the 
anatomy proves to be the development of anomalous vascular tissue, 
with invested Orientation, throughout the region of the collar. This 
tissue is strictly confined to the collar and takes no part in the 
vascular supply of the ovule. The author tentativety suggests that 
the collar of Ginkgo is perhaps best regarded as a vestigial cupule, 
(cf. the cupule of Lagenostoma Lomaxi). A. Robertson. 
South, F. W. and R. H. Compton. On the Anatomy of Dioon 
Edule, Lin dl. (Notes from the Cambridge Botanv School, IV; New 
Phytologist VII. N°. 8 and 9. p. 222-229. Textfigs 35—40. 1908.) 
This note is based upon a specimen 65 cms in height, and 
approximately 120 years old. The vascular System, especially the 
relation of the main axial cydinder to the peduncular cylinder, are 
worked out in detail, and illustrated byr diagrams of dissections. It 
is concluded that, as far as anatomy is concerned, Dioon edule 
