—38 
verted into cider. Chile is an importing country of fresh 
fruits. 
According to production statistics for Spain, the ap¬ 
ple crop in 1910 was equivalent to 7,043,000 bushels, 
largely produced in the northern provinces. The crop is 
largely consumed within the country. Apple exports for the 
years 1909-1913 averaged only $33,000 in value being very 
low in the list of fresh fruits exported annually. 
Japan is the most important apple growing country in 
the far East. Most of the fruit is grown in the northern 
provinces. Eastern Asia is the important market for sur¬ 
plus fruit. Even though this country grows some of its 
apples on elaborate trellises, most of the orchards in the 
commercial sections are similar to those in the United 
States. The industry was started about 50 years ago when 
foundation stock was introduced from California. The vari¬ 
eties are largely American and European varieties. In 1914 
the apple crop of Japan was 1,600,000 bushels. Special in¬ 
terest attaches to the fruit industry of Japan because of 
the popular belief among American fruit growers twenty 
years ago that the destructive San Jose scale insect was 
brought to the United States from this country. It has 
since been established that the insect likely was intro¬ 
duced with nursery stock from North China and not from 
Japan. 
Russia and other countries in Eastern Europe produce 
some apples which are oonsumed largely within the country, 
very small quantities entering the export trade* 
